Stamps, postage or revenue; stamp-postmarks, first-day covers, postal stationery (stamped paper) and like, used or unused, other than those of heading 4907

HS code 970400 covers a diverse range of philatelic products, including stamps, postage or revenue stamps, stamp-postmarks, first-day covers, and postal stationery. This industry plays a crucial role in the global postal and communication systems, facilitating the exchange of information, goods, and services across international borders. The production and trade of these specialized items contribute significantly to the broader economy, particularly in the areas of tourism, collectibles, and the preservation of cultural heritage.

The production of items under HS code 970400 typically involves a combination of traditional printing techniques and modern digital technologies. Stamps and postal stationery are often produced using advanced printing methods, such as offset lithography, intaglio, and screen printing, to ensure high-quality, intricate designs and secure features. The manufacturing process may also include the application of specialized coatings, perforations, and other finishing touches to meet the unique requirements of each product.

The main inputs required for the production of items under HS code 970400 include a variety of specialized printing materials, such as high-quality paper, inks, and security features like watermarks and holograms. Additionally, the industry relies on advanced printing equipment, including offset presses, intaglio machines, and digital printing systems. Skilled labor, including graphic designers, engravers, and printing technicians, is also a crucial input for this industry.

The primary outputs of the industry covered by HS code 970400 are stamps, postage or revenue stamps, stamp-postmarks, first-day covers, and postal stationery. These products are consumed by a range of end-users, including postal services, collectors, and individuals engaging in philatelic activities. The outputs of this industry may also be used as inputs for other related industries, such as 490700 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue in the country to which they are destined; stamp-impressed paper; banknotes, stock, share or bond certificates and similar documents of title, 490810 (Transfers (decalcomanias), vitrifiable), and 960100 (Worked ivory, bone, tortoiseshell, horn, antlers, coral, mother-of-pearl and other animal carving material, and articles of these materials (including articles obtained by moulding)), where these philatelic items are used for various purposes, including decoration, collectibles, and security features.