Copper; master alloys

HS v2022 Code: 7405

About copper; master alloys

HS code 7405 covers copper master alloys, which are critical components in the production of various copper-based alloys. These master alloys serve as the foundation for creating specialized copper alloys with enhanced properties, such as increased strength, corrosion resistance, or electrical conductivity. They play a vital role in industries ranging from construction and transportation to electronics and renewable energy, making them an essential part of the broader global economy.

Production process

The production of copper master alloys typically involves melting and alloying pure copper with small amounts of other metals, such as 7401 Copper mattes; cement copper, 7402 Unrefined copper; copper anodes for electrolytic refining, or 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought. The molten mixture is then cast into ingots or other shapes, which can be further processed and incorporated into the production of various copper-based products.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of copper master alloys include refined copper, as well as other alloying elements like zinc, tin, or nickel. Specialized equipment, such as induction furnaces and casting molds, are also necessary to melt and shape the alloys. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce capable of precisely controlling the alloying process to ensure the desired properties of the final product.

Production outputs

The primary output of HS code 7405 is the copper master alloy itself, which is then used as a key ingredient in the manufacture of a wide range of copper-based products. These may include 7406 Copper powders and flakes, 7407 Copper bars, rods and profiles, 7408 Copper wire, and 7409 Copper plates, sheets and strip, of a thickness exceeding 0.15 mm, among others. The versatility of copper master alloys makes them an essential component in numerous industries, contributing to the overall growth and development of the global economy.

Family tree for copper; master alloys

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/74'>74: Copper and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7405'>7405: Copper; master alloys</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7401'>7401: Copper mattes; cement copper (precipitated copper)</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7402'>7402: Copper; unrefined, copper anodes for electrolytic refining</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7403'>7403: Copper; refined and copper alloys, unwrought</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7404'>7404: Copper; waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7406'>7406: Copper; powders and flakes</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7407'>7407: Copper; bars, rods and profiles</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7408'>7408: Copper wire</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7409'>7409: Copper plates, sheets and strip; of a thickness exceeding 0.15mm</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7410'>7410: Copper foil (whether or not printed or backed with paper, paperboard, plastics or similar backing materials) of a thickness (excluding any backing) not exceeding 0.15mm</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7411'>7411: Copper tubes and pipes</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7412'>7412: Copper; tube or pipe fittings (e.g. couplings, elbows, sleeves)</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7413'>7413: Copper; stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like, not electrically insulated</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7415'>7415: Copper, nails, tacks, drawing pins, staples (not those of heading no. 8305) and the like, of copper or iron or steel with heads of copper; screws bolts, nuts, screws hooks, rivets, cotters, washers</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7418'>7418: Copper; table, kitchen or other household articles and parts thereof; pot scourers, scouring, polishing pads, gloves and the like; sanitary ware and parts thereof</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/7419'>7419: Copper; articles thereof n.e.c. in chapter 74</a>"]

    B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/740500'>740500: Copper; master alloys of copper</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight