Tableware and kitchenware; of porcelain or china

HS code 691110 covers the import and export of tableware and kitchenware made of porcelain or china. This industry plays a crucial role in the global housewares and home goods market, providing essential items for households, restaurants, and other commercial establishments. As a highly specialized sector, the production and trade of porcelain and china tableware and kitchenware contribute significantly to the broader manufacturing and retail economies.

The production of porcelain and china tableware and kitchenware involves a multi-step process. It typically begins with the mining and refining of raw materials, such as kaolin, feldspar, and quartz, which are then mixed and processed into a clay-like substance. This clay is then shaped into the desired forms using techniques like molding, casting, or hand-throwing. The shaped items are then dried, fired in high-temperature kilns, and often decorated with intricate designs or glazes before undergoing a final firing process.

The main inputs required for the production of HS code 691110 items include the aforementioned raw materials (kaolin, feldspar, quartz), as well as specialized machinery for shaping, firing, and decorating the porcelain and china products. Additionally, skilled labor, energy sources, and transportation infrastructure are essential for the efficient operation of this industry.

The primary outputs of HS code 691110 are various types of tableware and kitchenware, such as plates, bowls, cups, saucers, and serving dishes. These products are often consumed by 630610 Tableware, kitchenware, other household articles and toilet articles, of porcelain or china and 940510 Chandeliers and other electric ceiling or wall lighting fittings, excluding those for lighting public open spaces or thoroughfares, as well as the broader retail and hospitality sectors.