Cork; natural cork, debacked or roughly squared, or in rectangular (including square) blocks, plates, sheets or strip, (including sharp-edged blanks for corks or stoppers)

HS code 450200 covers natural cork products, including debacked or roughly squared cork, as well as cork in the form of rectangular blocks, plates, sheets, or strips. This industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, providing a sustainable and versatile raw material for a wide range of applications, from bottle stoppers to insulation materials. The cork industry is particularly important in regions where cork oak forests are prevalent, such as the Mediterranean basin, contributing significantly to local economies and environmental conservation efforts.

The production of cork products under HS code 450200 typically involves a multi-step process. First, the cork oak trees are harvested, and the bark is carefully removed without damaging the tree. The harvested cork is then sorted, graded, and processed to remove any impurities or defects. Depending on the final product, the cork may be further processed through techniques such as boiling, drying, cutting, or shaping to achieve the desired dimensions and characteristics.

The primary input for the cork industry under HS code 450200 is the raw cork harvested from cork oak trees. These trees are primarily found in the Mediterranean region, with Portugal, Spain, and Algeria being major producers. In addition to the raw cork, the industry also requires specialized machinery and equipment for processing, cutting, and shaping the cork into the desired products. Energy sources, such as electricity or natural gas, are also essential for the various stages of production.

The main outputs of the cork industry under HS code 450200 are a wide range of cork products, including blocks, plates, sheets, and strips. These cork products are then used as inputs for various other industries, such as 450310 Cork stoppers, 450390 Other articles of natural cork, and 450410 Agglomerated cork and articles thereof. The cork industry also produces waste and by-products, which can be utilized for energy generation or other applications.