Ink; writing, drawing and other inks, n.e.c. in heading no. 3215, whether or not concentrated or solid

HS code 321590 covers a diverse range of inks used for writing, drawing, and other applications. These inks are essential for various industries, from commercial printing and packaging to fine arts and stationery. As a key component in the production of many everyday items, the inks classified under this code play a vital role in the global economy.

The production of inks classified under HS code 321590 typically involves a combination of chemical synthesis and formulation processes. Manufacturers may start with base pigments or dyes, which are then combined with solvents, resins, and other additives to create the desired ink properties, such as color, viscosity, and drying time. The specific techniques used can vary depending on the type of ink being produced, but often include milling, mixing, and quality control testing to ensure the final product meets industry standards.

The main inputs required for the production of inks under HS code 321590 include pigments or dyes, solvents (such as water, oils, or alcohols), resins, and various additives like surfactants, preservatives, and thickeners. Manufacturers may also require specialized equipment, such as mills, mixers, and dispensing systems, to ensure consistent and efficient production. The availability and cost of these raw materials and equipment can significantly impact the overall competitiveness of the industry.

Inks classified under HS code 321590 are used in a wide range of applications, including commercial printing, packaging, stationery, and fine arts. These inks may be consumed by industries producing 4901 Printed books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter, 4902 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, whether or not illustrated or containing advertising material, 4903 Children's picture, drawing or colouring books, and 4911 Other printed matter, including printed pictures and photographs.