Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; salts thereof
HS v2022 Code: 293941
About alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; salts thereof
HS code 293941 covers the trade and production of alkaloids derived from ephedrine and its chemical derivatives, including their salts. Ephedrine is a naturally occurring stimulant compound found in various plant species, primarily the Ephedra genus. This class of alkaloids has a wide range of pharmaceutical and industrial applications, making it an important component of the global chemical and pharmaceutical supply chains.
Production process
The production of ephedrine and its derivatives typically involves the extraction and purification of the alkaloid compounds from plant material, such as the stems and leaves of Ephedra plants. This is often followed by chemical synthesis and modification steps to produce the desired derivatives and salts. Advanced chromatographic and crystallization techniques are commonly employed to isolate and purify the target compounds to the required pharmaceutical or industrial grade.
Production inputs
The main inputs for the production of HS code 293941 products include Ephedra plant material, which serves as the primary source of ephedrine. Additionally, various chemical reagents, solvents, and processing equipment are required for the extraction, synthesis, and purification stages. Skilled labor with expertise in organic chemistry and pharmaceutical manufacturing is also a critical input for this industry.
Production outputs
The outputs of HS code 293941 include a range of ephedrine-based alkaloid compounds and their salts, which have diverse applications. These products are often used as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the production of 300490 Medicaments, as well as in the manufacture of 380610 Rosin and resin acids, 380690 Derivatives of rosin and resin acids, and other industrial chemicals.
Revisions to 293941
Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 293941. The most recent 1 version of this code (293941) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):
This page shows the most recent version of code 293941.
Older versions
Family tree for alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; salts thereof
graph LR
A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2939'>2939: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters and other derivatives</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293941'>293941: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293911'>293911: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293919'>293919: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; other than in 2939.11, salts thereof</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293920'>293920: Alkaloids; of cinchona and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293930'>293930: Alkaloids; caffeine and its salts</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293942'>293942: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; pseudoephedrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293943'>293943: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; cathine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293944'>293944: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; norephedrine and its salts</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293945'>293945: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamefetamine racemate and their salts</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293949'>293949: Alkaloids; of ephedrine and their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN), norephedrine, cathine (INN), levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamefetamine racemate and their salts</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293951'>293951: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, fenetylline (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293959'>293959: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, other than fenetylline</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293961'>293961: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293962'>293962: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293963'>293963: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, lysergic acid and its salts</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293969'>293969: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, salts thereof, n.e.c. in item no. 2939.6</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293972'>293972: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, cocaine, ecgonine; salts, esters and other derivatives thereof</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293979'>293979: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, other than cocaine, ecgonine; salts, esters and other derivatives; n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]
B --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/293980'>293980: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, esters and other derivatives n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]
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