Aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde

HS v2022 Code: 291221

About aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde

HS code 291221 covers the classification of benzaldehyde, a cyclic aldehyde compound without any other oxygen functions. Benzaldehyde is a widely used chemical in various industries, including the production of pharmaceuticals, flavors, fragrances, and other specialty chemicals. As a key intermediate in the synthesis of many organic compounds, benzaldehyde plays a crucial role in the broader chemical industry and international trade.

Production process

Benzaldehyde is typically produced through the oxidation of toluene, a common aromatic hydrocarbon. The process involves the catalytic oxidation of toluene using air or oxygen, often in the presence of a metal catalyst such as copper or manganese. The resulting benzaldehyde is then purified through distillation or other separation techniques to meet the required purity standards for various applications.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of benzaldehyde include toluene as the primary raw material, as well as various catalysts, solvents, and energy sources needed for the oxidation and purification processes. Specialized equipment, such as reactors, distillation columns, and other processing units, are also essential for the efficient production of benzaldehyde.

Production outputs

Benzaldehyde is a versatile chemical that finds applications in numerous industries. It is used as a flavoring agent in the food and beverage industry, as a fragrance component in personal care products, and as a precursor in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and other specialty chemicals. Benzaldehyde may be further processed or consumed by industries represented by other HS codes, such as 2922 Oxygen-function amino-compounds, 3301 Essential oils and resinoids, and 3002 Medicaments.

Revisions to 291221

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 291221. The most recent 1 version of this code (291221) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 291221.

Family tree for aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2912'>2912: Aldehydes, whether or not with other oxygen function; cyclic polymers of aldehydes; paraformaldehyde</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291221'>291221: Aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291211'>291211: Aldehydes; acyclic, without other oxygen function, methanal (formaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291212'>291212: Aldehydes; acyclic, without other oxygen function, ethanal (acetaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291219'>291219: Aldehydes; acyclic, without other oxygen function, n.e.c. in item no. 2912.1</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291229'>291229: Aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, other than benzaldehyde</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291241'>291241: Aldehydes; aldehyde-ethers, aldehyde-phenols and aldehydes with other oxygen function, vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291242'>291242: Aldehydes; aldehyde-ethers, aldehyde-phenols and aldehydes with other oxygen function, ethylvanillin (3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291249'>291249: Aldehyde-alcohols, aldehyde-ethers, aldehyde-phenols and aldehydes with other oxygen function; other than vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) and ethylvanillin (3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291250'>291250: Aldehydes; cyclic polymers of aldehydes</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/291260'>291260: Paraformaldehyde</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight