Aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde

HS v2017 Code: 291221

About aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde

HS code 291221 covers the classification of benzaldehyde, a cyclic aldehyde compound without any other oxygen function. Benzaldehyde is a widely used chemical in various industries, including the production of pharmaceuticals, flavors, and fragrances. As a key intermediate in the synthesis of many organic compounds, benzaldehyde plays a crucial role in the broader chemical industry and the global economy.

Production process

Benzaldehyde is typically produced through the oxidation of toluene, a common aromatic hydrocarbon. The process involves the catalytic oxidation of toluene using air or oxygen, often in the presence of a metal catalyst such as copper or manganese. The resulting benzaldehyde is then purified through distillation or other separation techniques to meet the required purity standards for various applications.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of benzaldehyde include toluene as the primary raw material, as well as various catalysts, solvents, and energy sources to facilitate the oxidation process. Specialized equipment, such as reactors, distillation columns, and purification systems, are also essential for the efficient and high-quality production of benzaldehyde.

Production outputs

Benzaldehyde, classified under HS code 291221, is a versatile chemical that finds applications in numerous industries. It is a key ingredient in the production of various pharmaceuticals, including analgesics and sedatives. Additionally, benzaldehyde is widely used in the flavoring and fragrance industries, contributing to the production of a wide range of consumer products. The output of benzaldehyde may be further processed or consumed by industries classified under other HS codes, such as 2912 Aldehydes, whether or not with other oxygen function; cyclic polymers of aldehydes; paraformaldehyde, 3301 Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations, and 3004 (Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 3002, 3005 or 3006)).

Revisions to 291221

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 291221. The most recent 1 version of this code (291221) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 291221 ( HS v2017).

Older versions

Family tree for aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2912'>2912: Aldehydes, whether or not with other oxygen function; cyclic polymers of aldehydes; paraformaldehyde</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291221'>291221: Aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, benzaldehyde</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291211'>291211: Aldehydes; acyclic, without other oxygen function, methanal (formaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291212'>291212: Aldehydes; acyclic, without other oxygen function, ethanal (acetaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291219'>291219: Aldehydes; acyclic, without other oxygen function, n.e.c. in item no. 2912.1</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291229'>291229: Aldehydes; cyclic, without other oxygen function, other than benzaldehyde</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291241'>291241: Aldehydes; aldehyde-ethers, aldehyde-phenols and aldehydes with other oxygen function, vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291242'>291242: Aldehydes; aldehyde-ethers, aldehyde-phenols and aldehydes with other oxygen function, ethylvanillin (3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291249'>291249: Aldehyde-alcohols, aldehyde-ethers, aldehyde-phenols and aldehydes with other oxygen function; other than vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) and ethylvanillin (3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde)</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291250'>291250: Aldehydes; cyclic polymers of aldehydes</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/291260'>291260: Paraformaldehyde</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight