Aluminium oxide; artificial corundum

HS code 281810 covers the classification of aluminium oxide, also known as artificial corundum. This material is a crucial input for a wide range of industries, including metallurgy, ceramics, and abrasives. As a highly versatile and durable substance, aluminium oxide plays a significant role in the global economy, supporting the production of a diverse array of goods and enabling technological advancements across various sectors.

Aluminium oxide is primarily produced through the Bayer process, which involves the extraction of alumina from bauxite ore. The key steps in this process include crushing and grinding the bauxite, dissolving the alumina in a sodium hydroxide solution, and then precipitating the aluminium hydroxide. The aluminium hydroxide is then calcined at high temperatures to produce the final aluminium oxide product.

The production of aluminium oxide requires several key inputs, including bauxite ore, which is the primary raw material, as well as energy sources such as electricity and natural gas to power the high-temperature calcination process. Additionally, the Bayer process relies on the use of specialized equipment, such as crushers, grinders, and precipitation tanks, as well as a range of chemical reagents, including sodium hydroxide and various flocculants.

Aluminium oxide produced under HS code 281810 is a versatile material with a wide range of applications. It is commonly used as a raw material in the production of 760110 aluminium, 690310 refractory bricks, blocks, tiles, and similar ceramic goods, and 680510 abrasive products. The output of this industry also serves as an input for the manufacturing of 854020 X-ray tubes, 854030 Cathode-ray tubes, and various other electronic components.