Alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury
HS v2022 Code: 2805
About alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury
HS code 2805 covers a diverse range of metals that are essential for various industrial and technological applications. This group includes the alkali metals (such as lithium, sodium, and potassium), the alkaline-earth metals (such as magnesium, calcium, and barium), the rare-earth metals (such as lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium), as well as scandium and yttrium. These metals possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them indispensable in the production of a wide array of products, from electronics and renewable energy technologies to medical devices and aerospace components.
Production process
The production of the metals covered under HS code 2805 typically involves a combination of mining, extraction, and refining processes. Alkali and alkaline-earth metals are often extracted from mineral ores through electrolytic or thermal reduction methods, while rare-earth metals are typically obtained through a series of complex chemical separation and purification techniques. Mercury, on the other hand, is primarily extracted from cinnabar ore through distillation or other thermal processes.
Production inputs
The main inputs required for the production of the metals under HS code 2805 include mineral ores, such as bauxite, spodumene, and monazite, as well as various chemicals and energy sources needed for the extraction and refining processes. Additionally, specialized equipment, such as electrolytic cells, furnaces, and chemical reactors, are essential for the production of these metals.
Production outputs
The metals produced under HS code 2805 are used as key components in a wide range of industries and applications. Alkali and alkaline-earth metals are used in the production of 2815 (Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (caustic potash); peroxides of sodium or potassium), 2816 Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium; oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, of strontium or barium, and 2827 Chlorides, chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides; bromides and bromide oxides; iodides and iodide oxides. Rare-earth metals are essential for the manufacture of 8505 Electromagnets; permanent magnets and articles intended to become permanent magnets after magnetization; electromagnetic or permanent magnet chucks, clamps and similar holding devices; electromagnetic couplings, clutches and brakes; electromagnetic lifting heads, 8506 Primary cells and primary batteries, and 8507 (Electric accumulators, including separators therefor, whether or not rectangular (including square)). Mercury is used in the production of 2805 Alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury, 2852 Inorganic or organic compounds of mercury, whether or not chemically defined, excluding amalgams, and 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary sciences, including scintigraphic apparatus, other electro-medical apparatus and sight-testing instruments.
Family tree for alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury
graph LR
A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/28'>28: Inorganic chemicals; organic and inorganic compounds of precious metals; of rare earth metals, of radio-active elements and of isotopes</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2805'>2805: Alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury</a>"]
A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2801'>2801: Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2802'>2802: Sulphur; sublimed or precipitated, colloidal sulphur</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2803'>2803: Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2804'>2804: Hydrogen, rare gases and other non-metals</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2806'>2806: Hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid); chlorosulphuric acid</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2807'>2807: Sulphuric acid; oleum</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2808'>2808: Nitric acid; sulphonitric acids</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2809'>2809: Diphosphorus pentaoxide; phosphoric acid; polyphosphoric acids, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2810'>2810: Oxides of boron; boric acids</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2811'>2811: Inorganic acids and other inorganic oxygen compounds of non-metals; n.e.c. in heading no. 2806 to 2810</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2812'>2812: Halides and halide oxides of non-metals</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2813'>2813: Sulphides of non-metals; commercial phosphorus trisulphide</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2814'>2814: Ammonia; anhydrous or in aqueous solution</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2815'>2815: Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) peroxides of sodium or potassium</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2816'>2816: Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium; oxides, hydroxides and peroxides of strontium or barium</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2817'>2817: Zinc; oxide and peroxide</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2818'>2818: Aluminium oxide (including artificial corundum); aluminium hydroxide</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2819'>2819: Chromium oxides and hydroxides</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2820'>2820: Manganese oxides</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2821'>2821: Iron oxides and hydroxides; earth colours containing 70% or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as Fe2o3</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2822'>2822: Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2823'>2823: Titanium oxides</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2824'>2824: Lead oxides; red lead and orange lead</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2825'>2825: Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2826'>2826: Fluorides; fluorosilicates, fluoroaluminates and other complex fluorine salts</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2827'>2827: Chlorides; chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides; bromides and bromide oxides; iodides and iodide oxides</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2828'>2828: Hypochlorites; commercial calcium hypochlorite; chlorites; hypobromites</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2829'>2829: Chlorates and perchlorates; bromates and perbromates; iodates and periodates</a>"]
A --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2830'>2830: Sulphides; polysulphides whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2831'>2831: Dithionites and sulphoxylates</a>"]
A --> BG["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2832'>2832: Sulphites; thiosulphates</a>"]
A --> BH["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2833'>2833: Sulphates; alums; peroxosulphates (persulphates)</a>"]
A --> BI["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2834'>2834: Nitrites; nitrates</a>"]
A --> BJ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2835'>2835: Phosphinates (hypophosphites), phosphonates (phosphites), and phosphates; and polyphosphates, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BK["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2836'>2836: Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates); commercial ammonium carbonate containing ammonium carbamate</a>"]
A --> BL["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2837'>2837: Cyanides, cyanide oxides and complex cyanides</a>"]
A --> BM["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2839'>2839: Silicates; commercial alkali metal silicates</a>"]
A --> BN["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2840'>2840: Borates; peroxoborates (perborates)</a>"]
A --> BO["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2841'>2841: Salts of oxometallic or peroxometallic acids</a>"]
A --> BP["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2842'>2842: Salts of inorganic acids or peroxoacids, n.e.c. including aluminosilicates whether or not chemically defined, but excluding azides</a>"]
A --> BQ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2843'>2843: Colloidal precious metals; inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, whether or not chemically defined; amalgams of precious metals</a>"]
A --> BR["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2844'>2844: Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical elements and isotopes); and their compounds; mixtures and residues containing these products</a>"]
A --> BS["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2845'>2845: Isotopes other than those of heading no. 2844; compounds, inorganic or organic, of such isotopes, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BT["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2846'>2846: Compounds, inorganic or organic, of rare-earth metals; of yttrium or of scandium or of mixtures of these metals</a>"]
A --> BU["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2847'>2847: Hydrogen peroxide; whether or not solidified with urea</a>"]
A --> BV["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2849'>2849: Carbides, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BW["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2850'>2850: Hydrides, nitrides, azides, silicides and borides, whether or not chemically defined, other than compounds which are also carbides of heading no. 2849</a>"]
A --> BX["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2852'>2852: Inorganic or organic compounds of mercury, excluding amalgams, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BY["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2853'>2853: Phosphides, chemically defined or not, not ferrophosphorus; other inorganic compounds n.e.c. (including distilled, conductivity water and water of like purity); liquid air, rare gases removed or not; compressed air; amalgams, not precious metal amalgams</a>"]
B --> BZ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/280511'>280511: Alkali or alkali-earth metals; sodium</a>"]
B --> CA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/280512'>280512: Alkali or alkali-earth metals; calcium</a>"]
B --> CB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/280519'>280519: Alkali or alkali-earth metals; other than sodium and calcium</a>"]
B --> CC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/280530'>280530: Earth-metals, rare; scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed</a>"]
B --> CD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/280540'>280540: Mercury</a>"]
%% Color coordination by level
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classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px
%% Apply classes
class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level4
class BF level4
class BG level4
class BH level4
class BI level4
class BJ level4
class BK level4
class BL level4
class BM level4
class BN level4
class BO level4
class BP level4
class BQ level4
class BR level4
class BS level4
class BT level4
class BU level4
class BV level4
class BW level4
class BX level4
class BY level4
class BZ level6
class CA level6
class CB level6
class CC level6
class CD level6
class B highlight
%% class A level1
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%% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
%% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
%% class B highlight