Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of palm nuts or kernels oils

HS v2022 Code: 230660

About oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of palm nuts or kernels oils

HS code 230660 covers oil-cake and other solid residues resulting from the extraction of palm nuts or kernels oils. This industry plays a crucial role in the global agricultural and food processing sectors, as the byproducts from palm oil production are widely used as animal feed and fertilizers. The demand for these products is closely tied to the growth of the palm oil industry, which has experienced significant expansion in recent years to meet the increasing global need for vegetable oils and fats.

Production process

The production of oil-cake and other solid residues under HS code 230660 primarily involves the extraction of palm oil from palm nuts or kernels. This process typically begins with the harvesting and processing of fresh palm fruit bunches, followed by the extraction of crude palm oil through mechanical pressing or chemical solvents. The remaining solid residues, known as palm kernel cake or palm kernel meal, are then dried, ground, and processed into various forms, such as pellets or powders, to be used as animal feed or fertilizers.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of oil-cake and other solid residues under HS code 230660 include fresh palm fruit bunches, which serve as the raw material. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized machinery and equipment for the extraction, drying, and processing of the solid residues. Energy sources, such as electricity or fuel, are also necessary for the various stages of production.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of the industry covered by HS code 230660 are oil-cake and other solid residues, which are used as animal feed and fertilizers. These byproducts are often consumed by industries classified under other HS codes, such as 230400 Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of soya-bean oil and 230990 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding, not elsewhere specified or included.

Revisions to 230660

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 230660. The most recent 1 version of this code (230660) is in the HS v2022 system (this version):

This page shows the most recent version of code 230660.

Family tree for oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of palm nuts or kernels oils

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/23'>23: Food industries, residues and wastes thereof; prepared animal fodder</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2306'>2306: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of vegetable or microbial fats or oils, other than those of heading no. 2304 or 2305</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230660'>230660: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of palm nuts or kernels oils</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230610'>230610: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of cotton seed oils</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230620'>230620: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of linseed oils</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230630'>230630: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of sunflower seed oils</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230641'>230641: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of low erucic acid rape or colza seed oils</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230649'>230649: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of rape seed oils (other than low erucic acid rape or colza)</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230650'>230650: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of coconut or copra seed oils</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/230690'>230690: Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of oils, n.e.c. in heading no. 2306</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight