Flours, meals and pellets; of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates

HS code 230120 covers the production and trade of flours, meals, and pellets derived from fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and other aquatic invertebrates. This industry plays a vital role in the global food supply chain, providing essential ingredients for animal feed, pet food, and even some human food products. As a key component of the broader seafood processing industry, the 230120 classification represents a significant economic activity, with international trade in these products valued at billions of dollars annually.

The production of flours, meals, and pellets under HS code 230120 typically involves several key steps. First, the raw materials (fish, crustaceans, molluscs, etc.) are sourced and processed, often through drying, grinding, or other mechanical means. The resulting powders or granules are then further processed, sometimes with the addition of binders or other ingredients, to create the final pelletized or meal-based products. Advanced processing techniques, such as extrusion or high-temperature drying, may also be employed to improve the quality, texture, and shelf-life of the final outputs.

The main inputs required for the production of HS code 230120 products include the raw aquatic materials (fish, crustaceans, molluscs, etc.), as well as various processing equipment and machinery, such as grinders, dryers, and pelletizers. Depending on the specific product, additional ingredients like binders or preservatives may also be required. The availability and cost of these raw materials and processing resources can significantly impact the overall competitiveness and profitability of this industry.

The primary outputs of the HS code 230120 industry are the flours, meals, and pellets derived from aquatic organisms. These products are widely used as ingredients in 230990 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding and 230910 Dog or cat food, put up for retail sale, as well as some specialized human food applications. The specific end-use of these outputs can vary depending on factors like protein content, particle size, and other quality characteristics. Additionally, some of the 230120 products may be further processed or blended to create more specialized feed or food ingredients.