Bovine animals; live, other than cattle and buffalo

HS code 010290 covers the live trade of bovine animals, excluding cattle and buffalo. This industry plays a vital role in the global livestock sector, providing a source of meat, dairy, and other animal-based products. The trade of these animals is an important economic activity, particularly in regions where cattle and buffalo are less prevalent, such as parts of Europe, the Americas, and Oceania.

The production techniques for bovine animals under HS code 010290 typically involve breeding, rearing, and fattening of the animals. Farmers and ranchers use a variety of methods, including pasture-based grazing, feedlot operations, and integrated crop-livestock systems, to raise these animals. Careful herd management, disease prevention, and animal welfare practices are essential to ensure the health and productivity of the livestock.

The main inputs required for the production of bovine animals under HS code 010290 include land for grazing and housing, feed (such as hay, grains, and supplements), water, veterinary services, and specialized equipment like fencing, feeding troughs, and handling facilities. Additionally, farmers may require access to breeding stock, transportation, and labor to manage the day-to-day operations of the farm or ranch.

The primary outputs of the industry covered by HS code 010290 are live bovine animals, which can be sold for meat production, dairy farming, or breeding purposes. These animals may be further processed and traded under other HS codes, such as 020110 Meat of bovine animals, fresh or chilled, 020120 Meat of bovine animals, frozen, or 040110 Milk and cream, not concentrated nor containing added sugar or other sweetening matter.