Copper tubes and pipes
HS v2017 Code: 7411
About copper tubes and pipes
HS code 7411 covers the classification of copper tubes and pipes, which are essential components in a wide range of industries. Copper's unique properties, such as high thermal and electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and malleability, make it a preferred material for various applications, including plumbing, HVAC systems, electrical wiring, and industrial equipment. The copper tubes and pipes industry plays a crucial role in supporting the infrastructure, manufacturing, and construction sectors, contributing to the overall economic development.
Production process
The production of copper tubes and pipes typically involves several key steps. First, copper billets or ingots are heated and extruded through a die to create the initial tube or pipe shape. The extruded tubes then undergo various finishing processes, such as drawing, annealing, and sizing, to achieve the desired dimensions, wall thickness, and surface finish. Advanced techniques like seamless tube production and continuous casting may also be employed to enhance the quality and efficiency of the manufacturing process.
Production inputs
The main inputs required for the production of copper tubes and pipes include 7402 Unrefined copper; copper anodes for electrolytic refining, 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought, and various machinery and equipment for the extrusion, drawing, and finishing operations. Additionally, energy sources, such as electricity and natural gas, are essential for the heating and processing of the copper material.
Production outputs
The primary outputs of the copper tubes and pipes industry are the finished copper tubes and pipes themselves, which are then consumed by a wide range of downstream industries. These include 8415 Air conditioning machines, 8501 Electric motors and generators, 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits, and 8708 Parts and accessories of motor vehicles.
Family tree for copper tubes and pipes
graph LR
A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/74'>74: Copper and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7411'>7411: Copper tubes and pipes</a>"]
A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7401'>7401: Copper mattes; cement copper (precipitated copper)</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7402'>7402: Copper; unrefined, copper anodes for electrolytic refining</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7403'>7403: Copper; refined and copper alloys, unwrought</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7404'>7404: Copper; waste and scrap</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7405'>7405: Copper; master alloys</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7406'>7406: Copper; powders and flakes</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7407'>7407: Copper; bars, rods and profiles</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7408'>7408: Copper wire</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7409'>7409: Copper plates, sheets and strip; of a thickness exceeding 0.15mm</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7410'>7410: Copper foil (whether or not printed or backed with paper, paperboard, plastics or similar backing materials) of a thickness (excluding any backing) not exceeding 0.15mm</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7412'>7412: Copper; tube or pipe fittings (e.g. couplings, elbows, sleeves)</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7413'>7413: Copper; stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like, not electrically insulated</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7415'>7415: Copper, nails, tacks, drawing pins, staples (not those of heading no. 8305) and the like, of copper or iron or steel with heads of copper; screws bolts, nuts, screws hooks, rivets, cotters, washers</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7418'>7418: Copper; table, kitchen or other household articles and parts thereof; pot scourers, scouring, polishing pads, gloves and the like; sanitary ware and parts thereof</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/7419'>7419: Copper; articles thereof n.e.c. in chapter 74</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/741110'>741110: Copper; tubes and pipes, of refined copper</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/741121'>741121: Copper; tubes and pipes, of copper-zinc base alloys (brass)</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/741122'>741122: Copper; tubes and pipes, of copper-nickel base alloys (cupro-nickel) or copper-nickel-zinc base alloys (nickel silver)</a>"]
B --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/741129'>741129: Copper; tubes and pipes, of copper alloys (other than copper-zinc, copper-nickel base alloys (cupro-nickel) or copper-nickel-zinc base alloys (nickel-silver))</a>"]
%% Color coordination by level
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classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px
%% Apply classes
class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level6
class S level6
class T level6
class U level6
class B highlight
%% class A level1
%% class B,C level2
%% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
%% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
%% class B highlight