Copper; copper-zinc base alloys (brass) unwrought

HS code 740321 covers the trade of unwrought copper and copper-zinc base alloys, commonly known as brass. This industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, providing essential raw materials for a wide range of manufacturing and construction sectors. Copper and brass are highly versatile materials, valued for their conductivity, corrosion resistance, and aesthetic properties, making them indispensable in applications ranging from electrical wiring and plumbing to decorative elements and artistic works.

The production of unwrought copper and copper-zinc alloys typically involves a multi-step process. First, copper ore is extracted from mines and then smelted to produce pure copper. The copper is then alloyed with zinc in various proportions to create brass with desired properties. This alloying process can be done through a variety of methods, including melting, casting, and powder metallurgy. The resulting brass is then cast or extruded into the desired shapes and forms, such as ingots, bars, or billets, before being distributed to various downstream industries.

The main inputs required for the production of unwrought copper and copper-zinc alloys include copper ore, zinc, and various other alloying elements, such as lead or tin, depending on the specific alloy composition. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized equipment and machinery for mining, smelting, alloying, and casting or extruding the final products. Energy sources, such as electricity and natural gas, are also crucial inputs for the various stages of the production process.

The primary outputs of HS code 740321 are unwrought copper and copper-zinc alloy (brass) products, which are then consumed by a wide range of industries. These include the 731100 iron and steel containers for compressed or liquefied gas, 732410 sanitary ware and parts of base metal, 732690 other articles of base metal, and 850710 lead-acid accumulators for starting piston engines, among others. The versatility of copper and brass ensures a steady demand for these materials across various manufacturing and construction sectors.