Steel, stainless; ingots and other primary forms

HS code 721810 covers the production of stainless steel in its primary forms, such as ingots and other unfinished shapes. Stainless steel is a critical material in a wide range of industries, from construction and manufacturing to transportation and consumer goods. Its unique properties, including corrosion resistance, durability, and aesthetic appeal, make it an essential component in the global supply chain.

The production of stainless steel ingots and primary forms typically involves a multi-step process. First, raw materials, including iron ore, chromium, and other alloying elements, are melted in an electric arc furnace or basic oxygen furnace. The molten steel is then cast into ingots or other primary shapes, which are subsequently rolled, forged, or extruded to achieve the desired dimensions and properties.

The main inputs required for the production of stainless steel ingots and primary forms include iron ore, chromium, nickel, and other alloying elements. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized equipment, such as electric arc furnaces, casting machines, and rolling mills. Energy, in the form of electricity and natural gas, is also a significant input for the production process.

The primary output of HS code 721810 is stainless steel in its unfinished forms, such as ingots, blooms, and billets. These semi-finished products are then further processed by industries covered under other HS codes, such as 721920 (Flat-rolled products of stainless steel, not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced)) and 722011 Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, of stainless steel.