Linoleum, whether or not cut to shape

HS code 590410 covers the classification of linoleum, a durable and versatile flooring material used extensively in commercial and residential settings. Linoleum is a popular choice due to its long-lasting, low-maintenance, and environmentally-friendly properties, making it a significant player in the global flooring industry. This code encompasses linoleum in various forms, including sheets, tiles, and other cut-to-shape products, highlighting its diverse applications across numerous sectors.

The production of linoleum typically involves a multi-step process. First, a base material, often made from jute or other natural fibers, is coated with a mixture of linseed oil, cork dust, and other natural ingredients. This mixture is then calendered, or pressed, onto the base to create a smooth, uniform surface. The linoleum is then cut to the desired shape and size, either as sheets or tiles, before being treated with a protective coating to enhance its durability and resistance to wear and tear.

The primary inputs for the linoleum industry include natural raw materials such as linseed oil, cork dust, and jute or other natural fibers. Additionally, specialized machinery, such as calendering machines and cutting equipment, are essential for the manufacturing process. The industry also relies on various chemical additives and coatings to enhance the product's performance and aesthetic qualities.

The primary output of HS code 590410 is linoleum flooring, which is widely used in commercial and residential settings. Linoleum is often consumed by the construction industry, 4501 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, and the 4502 Resilient floor coverings, such as vinyl, linoleum, and rubber. Additionally, linoleum may be used in the production of other products, such as 5904 Linoleum, whether or not cut to shape and 5905 Textile wall coverings.