Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (INN) and its salts

HS v2017 Code: 293961

About alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (inn) and its salts

HS code 293961 covers the alkaloids derived from rye ergot, a fungus that infects rye and other grains. These alkaloids, including the medically important ergometrine, have a long history of use in traditional and modern medicine. The production and trade of these specialized chemicals play a crucial role in the global pharmaceutical industry, supporting the development of essential drugs and therapies.

Production process

The production of alkaloids under HS code 293961 typically involves the extraction and purification of the relevant compounds from rye ergot. This process often begins with the cultivation and harvesting of the ergot fungus, followed by extraction using solvents or other techniques to isolate the desired alkaloids. Further purification steps, such as crystallization or chromatography, may be employed to obtain the final pharmaceutical-grade products.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of HS code 293961 alkaloids include the rye ergot fungus as the primary raw material, as well as various solvents, reagents, and specialized equipment for the extraction and purification processes. Skilled labor, particularly in the fields of chemistry and pharmaceutical manufacturing, is also a critical input for this industry.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of HS code 293961 are the alkaloid compounds themselves, such as ergometrine and its salts, which are used in the production of various pharmaceutical products. These outputs may be further processed or incorporated into 300490 Medicaments; consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale or other 300610 Pharmaceutical goods; sterile surgical catgut, similar sterile suture materials, sterile tissue adhesives for surgical wound closure, sterile laminaria and sterile laminaria tents, sterile absorbable surgical or dental haemostatics within the broader pharmaceutical industry.

Revisions to 293961

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 293961. The most recent 1 version of this code (293961) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 293961 ( HS v2017).

Family tree for alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (inn) and its salts

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2939'>2939: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters and other derivatives</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293961'>293961: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293911'>293911: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293919'>293919: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; other than in 2939.11, salts thereof</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293920'>293920: Alkaloids; of cinchona and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293930'>293930: Alkaloids; caffeine and its salts</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293941'>293941: Alkaloids; ephedrine and its salts</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293942'>293942: Alkaloids; pseudoephedrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293943'>293943: Alkaloids; cathine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293944'>293944: Alkaloids; norephedrine and its salts</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293949'>293949: Alkaloids; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN), norephedrine, and cathine (INN) and their salts</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293951'>293951: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, fenetylline (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293959'>293959: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, other than fenetylline</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293962'>293962: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293963'>293963: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, lysergic acid and its salts</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293969'>293969: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, salts thereof, n.e.c. in item no. 2939.6</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293971'>293971: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, cocaine, ecgonine, levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamfetamine racemate; salts, esters and other derivatives thereof</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293979'>293979: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, other than cocaine, ecgonine, levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamfetamine racemate; salts, esters and other derivatives; n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293980'>293980: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, esters and other derivatives n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]

    

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class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
class Q level6
class R level6
class S level6
class T level6

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