Carbides, whether or not chemically defined

HS v2017 Code: 2849

About carbides, whether or not chemically defined

HS code 2849 covers a diverse range of carbide compounds, which are materials composed of carbon and one or more metallic elements. Carbides are widely used in various industries due to their unique properties, such as high hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability. These materials play a crucial role in the production of cutting tools, abrasives, refractory materials, and other industrial applications, making them an essential component of the global economy.

Production process

The production of carbides typically involves a high-temperature process known as carbothermic reduction. In this method, a metallic oxide or salt is combined with a carbon source, such as coal or coke, and heated to temperatures ranging from 1,500°C to 2,500°C. This intense heat causes the carbon and metal to react, forming the desired carbide compound. The specific production techniques may vary depending on the type of carbide being manufactured.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of carbides under HS code 2849 include metallic raw materials (such as tungsten, silicon, or titanium), carbon sources (such as coal, coke, or graphite), and specialized high-temperature furnaces or reactors. Additionally, the production process may require various auxiliary materials, such as fluxes, binders, and protective atmospheres to ensure the desired properties and quality of the final carbide products.

Production outputs

The carbide compounds produced under HS code 2849 have a wide range of applications and are consumed by various other industries. These carbides can be used to manufacture 8201 Hand tools such as cutting tools, 8208 Knives and cutting blades for industrial machinery, and 6804 Millstones, grindstones, grinding wheels and the like for abrasive applications. Additionally, carbides are used in the production of 8455 Metal-rolling mills and rolls therefor, 8456 Machine tools for working any material by removal of material, by laser or other light or photon beam, ultrasonic, electro-discharge, electro-chemical, electron beam, ionic-beam or plasma arc processes, and other industrial equipment.

Family tree for carbides, whether or not chemically defined

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/28'>28: Inorganic chemicals; organic and inorganic compounds of precious metals; of rare earth metals, of radio-active elements and of isotopes</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2849'>2849: Carbides, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2801'>2801: Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2802'>2802: Sulphur; sublimed or precipitated, colloidal sulphur</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2803'>2803: Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2804'>2804: Hydrogen, rare gases and other non-metals</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2805'>2805: Alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2806'>2806: Hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid); chlorosulphuric acid</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2807'>2807: Sulphuric acid; oleum</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2808'>2808: Nitric acid; sulphonitric acids</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2809'>2809: Diphosphorus pentoxide; phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2810'>2810: Oxides of boron; boric acids</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2811'>2811: Inorganic acids and other inorganic oxygen compounds of non-metals; n.e.c. in heading no. 2806 to 2810</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2812'>2812: Halides and halide oxides of non-metals</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2813'>2813: Sulphides of non-metals; commercial phosphorus trisulphide</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2814'>2814: Ammonia; anhydrous or in aqueous solution</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2815'>2815: Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) peroxides of sodium or potassium</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2816'>2816: Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium; oxides, hydroxides and peroxides of strontium or barium</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2817'>2817: Zinc; oxide and peroxide</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2818'>2818: Aluminium oxide (including artificial corundum); aluminium hydroxide</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2819'>2819: Chromium oxides and hydroxides</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2820'>2820: Manganese oxides</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2821'>2821: Iron oxides and hydroxides; earth colours containing 70% or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as Fe2o3</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2822'>2822: Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2823'>2823: Titanium oxides</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2824'>2824: Lead oxides; red lead and orange lead</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2825'>2825: Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2826'>2826: Fluorides; fluorosilicates, fluoroaluminates and other complex fluorine salts</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2827'>2827: Chlorides; chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides; bromides and bromide oxides; iodides and iodide oxides</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2828'>2828: Hypochlorites; commercial calcium hypochlorite; chlorites; hypobromites</a>"]
A --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2829'>2829: Chlorates and perchlorates; bromates and perbromates; iodates and periodates</a>"]
A --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2830'>2830: Sulphides; polysulphides whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BG["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2831'>2831: Dithionites and sulphoxylates</a>"]
A --> BH["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2832'>2832: Sulphites; thiosulphates</a>"]
A --> BI["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2833'>2833: Sulphates; alums; peroxosulphates (persulphates)</a>"]
A --> BJ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2834'>2834: Nitrites; nitrates</a>"]
A --> BK["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2835'>2835: Phosphinates (hypophosphites), phosphonates (phosphites), and phosphates; and polyphosphates, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BL["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2836'>2836: Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates); commercial ammonium carbonate containing ammonium carbamate</a>"]
A --> BM["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2837'>2837: Cyanides, cyanide oxides and complex cyanides</a>"]
A --> BN["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2839'>2839: Silicates; commercial alkali metal silicates</a>"]
A --> BO["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2840'>2840: Borates; peroxoborates (perborates)</a>"]
A --> BP["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2841'>2841: Salts of oxometallic or peroxometallic acids</a>"]
A --> BQ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2842'>2842: Salts of inorganic acids or peroxoacids, n.e.c. including aluminosilicates whether or not chemically defined, but excluding azides</a>"]
A --> BR["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2843'>2843: Colloidal precious metals; inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, whether or not chemically defined; amalgams of precious metals</a>"]
A --> BS["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2844'>2844: Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical elements and isotopes); and their compounds; mixtures and residues containing these products</a>"]
A --> BT["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2845'>2845: Isotopes other than those of heading no. 2844; compounds, inorganic or organic, of such isotopes, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BU["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2846'>2846: Compounds, inorganic or organic, of rare-earth metals; of yttrium or of scandium or of mixtures of these metals</a>"]
A --> BV["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2847'>2847: Hydrogen peroxide; whether or not solidified with urea</a>"]
A --> BW["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2850'>2850: Hydrides, nitrides, azides, silicides and borides, whether or not chemically defined, other than compounds which are also carbides of heading no. 2849</a>"]
A --> BX["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2852'>2852: Inorganic or organic compounds of mercury, excluding amalgams, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BY["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2853'>2853: Phosphides, chemically defined or not, not ferrophosphorus; other inorganic compounds n.e.c. (including distilled, conductivity water and water of like purity); liquid air, rare gases removed or not; compressed air; amalgams, not precious metal amalgams</a>"]

    B --> BZ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/284910'>284910: Carbides; of calcium, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
B --> CA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/284920'>284920: Carbides; of silicon, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
B --> CB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/284990'>284990: Carbides; whether or not chemically defined, other than of calcium or silicon</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level4
class BF level4
class BG level4
class BH level4
class BI level4
class BJ level4
class BK level4
class BL level4
class BM level4
class BN level4
class BO level4
class BP level4
class BQ level4
class BR level4
class BS level4
class BT level4
class BU level4
class BV level4
class BW level4
class BX level4
class BY level4
class BZ level6
class CA level6
class CB level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight