Titanium oxides

HS v2017 Code: 2823

Chapter	Heading	Sub-heading
28	23	n/a

Code	2823
Version	HS v2017
Hierarchy Level	4
Datasource	WCO
Chapter	28

Ancestor Codes: Inorganic chemicals; organic and inorganic compounds of precious metals; of rare earth metals, of radio-active elements and of isotopes

This Code: Titanium oxides

Child Codes: Titanium oxides

Sibling Codes (Nearest 5): Manganese oxides; Iron oxides and hydroxides; earth colours containing 70% or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as Fe2o3; Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides; Lead oxides; red lead and orange lead; Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides

About titanium oxides

HS code 2823 covers titanium oxides, which are a group of inorganic compounds that are widely used in various industries. Titanium oxides are known for their exceptional properties, such as high refractive index, chemical stability, and photocatalytic activity. These compounds play a crucial role in the production of pigments, paints, plastics, cosmetics, and even in the development of advanced materials for renewable energy applications.

Production process

Titanium oxides are primarily produced through the chlorination of titanium-bearing ores, such as ilmenite or rutile. The process involves the extraction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) from the ore, followed by its oxidation to form titanium dioxide (TiO2), the most common form of titanium oxide. The TiO2 is then purified and processed into various grades and forms to meet the specific requirements of different industries.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of titanium oxides include titanium-bearing ores, such as 2614 Titanium ores and concentrates, as well as chlorine, energy sources, and specialized equipment for the various stages of the production process. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce with expertise in chemical processing and materials science.

Production outputs

Titanium oxides are used in a wide range of applications, including the production of 3206 Pigments, dyes, paints and varnishes, 3904 Plastics, and 3305 Cosmetic and toilet preparations. The industry's outputs also find use in the manufacturing of advanced materials, such as those used in 8541 Electrical machinery and equipment, 8542 Electronic integrated circuits, and 8507 Electric accumulators.

Family tree for titanium oxides

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/28'>28: Inorganic chemicals; organic and inorganic compounds of precious metals; of rare earth metals, of radio-active elements and of isotopes</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2823'>2823: Titanium oxides</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2801'>2801: Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2802'>2802: Sulphur; sublimed or precipitated, colloidal sulphur</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2803'>2803: Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2804'>2804: Hydrogen, rare gases and other non-metals</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2805'>2805: Alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2806'>2806: Hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid); chlorosulphuric acid</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2807'>2807: Sulphuric acid; oleum</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2808'>2808: Nitric acid; sulphonitric acids</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2809'>2809: Diphosphorus pentoxide; phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2810'>2810: Oxides of boron; boric acids</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2811'>2811: Inorganic acids and other inorganic oxygen compounds of non-metals; n.e.c. in heading no. 2806 to 2810</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2812'>2812: Halides and halide oxides of non-metals</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2813'>2813: Sulphides of non-metals; commercial phosphorus trisulphide</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2814'>2814: Ammonia; anhydrous or in aqueous solution</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2815'>2815: Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) peroxides of sodium or potassium</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2816'>2816: Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium; oxides, hydroxides and peroxides of strontium or barium</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2817'>2817: Zinc; oxide and peroxide</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2818'>2818: Aluminium oxide (including artificial corundum); aluminium hydroxide</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2819'>2819: Chromium oxides and hydroxides</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2820'>2820: Manganese oxides</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2821'>2821: Iron oxides and hydroxides; earth colours containing 70% or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as Fe2o3</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2822'>2822: Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2824'>2824: Lead oxides; red lead and orange lead</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2825'>2825: Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2826'>2826: Fluorides; fluorosilicates, fluoroaluminates and other complex fluorine salts</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2827'>2827: Chlorides; chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides; bromides and bromide oxides; iodides and iodide oxides</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2828'>2828: Hypochlorites; commercial calcium hypochlorite; chlorites; hypobromites</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2829'>2829: Chlorates and perchlorates; bromates and perbromates; iodates and periodates</a>"]
A --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2830'>2830: Sulphides; polysulphides whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2831'>2831: Dithionites and sulphoxylates</a>"]
A --> BG["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2832'>2832: Sulphites; thiosulphates</a>"]
A --> BH["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2833'>2833: Sulphates; alums; peroxosulphates (persulphates)</a>"]
A --> BI["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2834'>2834: Nitrites; nitrates</a>"]
A --> BJ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2835'>2835: Phosphinates (hypophosphites), phosphonates (phosphites), and phosphates; and polyphosphates, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BK["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2836'>2836: Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates); commercial ammonium carbonate containing ammonium carbamate</a>"]
A --> BL["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2837'>2837: Cyanides, cyanide oxides and complex cyanides</a>"]
A --> BM["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2839'>2839: Silicates; commercial alkali metal silicates</a>"]
A --> BN["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2840'>2840: Borates; peroxoborates (perborates)</a>"]
A --> BO["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2841'>2841: Salts of oxometallic or peroxometallic acids</a>"]
A --> BP["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2842'>2842: Salts of inorganic acids or peroxoacids, n.e.c. including aluminosilicates whether or not chemically defined, but excluding azides</a>"]
A --> BQ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2843'>2843: Colloidal precious metals; inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, whether or not chemically defined; amalgams of precious metals</a>"]
A --> BR["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2844'>2844: Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical elements and isotopes); and their compounds; mixtures and residues containing these products</a>"]
A --> BS["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2845'>2845: Isotopes other than those of heading no. 2844; compounds, inorganic or organic, of such isotopes, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BT["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2846'>2846: Compounds, inorganic or organic, of rare-earth metals; of yttrium or of scandium or of mixtures of these metals</a>"]
A --> BU["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2847'>2847: Hydrogen peroxide; whether or not solidified with urea</a>"]
A --> BV["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2849'>2849: Carbides, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BW["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2850'>2850: Hydrides, nitrides, azides, silicides and borides, whether or not chemically defined, other than compounds which are also carbides of heading no. 2849</a>"]
A --> BX["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2852'>2852: Inorganic or organic compounds of mercury, excluding amalgams, whether or not chemically defined</a>"]
A --> BY["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2853'>2853: Phosphides, chemically defined or not, not ferrophosphorus; other inorganic compounds n.e.c. (including distilled, conductivity water and water of like purity); liquid air, rare gases removed or not; compressed air; amalgams, not precious metal amalgams</a>"]

    B --> BZ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/282300'>282300: Titanium oxides</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level4
class BF level4
class BG level4
class BH level4
class BI level4
class BJ level4
class BK level4
class BL level4
class BM level4
class BN level4
class BO level4
class BP level4
class BQ level4
class BR level4
class BS level4
class BT level4
class BU level4
class BV level4
class BW level4
class BX level4
class BY level4
class BZ level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight