Alkali or alkali-earth metals; other than sodium and calcium

HS code 280519 covers a range of alkali and alkali-earth metals, excluding the more common sodium and calcium. These metals have a wide variety of industrial and technological applications, playing a crucial role in the production of various chemicals, alloys, and advanced materials. Their unique properties, such as high reactivity and low density, make them indispensable in industries ranging from electronics to aerospace engineering.

The production of alkali and alkali-earth metals under HS code 280519 typically involves electrolytic or thermal reduction processes. Electrolytic reduction uses an electric current to extract the metals from their ores or compounds, while thermal reduction utilizes high temperatures to separate the metals from their mineral sources. These processes require specialized equipment and carefully controlled conditions to ensure the purity and quality of the final products.

The main inputs for the production of alkali and alkali-earth metals under HS code 280519 include various mineral ores and compounds, such as 280511 Sodium compounds, 280519 Alkali or alkali-earth metals; other than sodium and calcium compounds, and other raw materials. Additionally, the production process requires significant amounts of energy, either in the form of electricity for electrolytic reduction or high-temperature heat sources for thermal reduction.

The alkali and alkali-earth metals produced under HS code 280519 have a wide range of applications and are used as inputs for various other industries. These metals are commonly used in the production of 282590 Inorganic chemicals; n.e.c. in heading no. 2828, 284700 Peroxides; inorganic or organic compounds, whether or not chemically defined, and 285000 Hydrides, nitrides, azides, silicides and borides, whether or not chemically defined. They are also used in the manufacture of specialized alloys, electronics, and advanced materials.