Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals; crude

HS v2017 Code: 2709

About petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals; crude

HS code 2709 covers the classification of crude petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals. This industry is of critical importance to the global economy, as petroleum is a fundamental energy source and raw material for a wide range of industries. Crude oil production and refining are major economic activities, generating significant revenue and employment worldwide.

Production process

Crude oil is typically extracted from underground reservoirs through drilling operations. The oil is then transported to refineries where it undergoes a series of distillation and separation processes to produce a variety of refined petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and lubricants.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the crude oil industry include drilling equipment, pipelines, storage tanks, and refining facilities. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce of geologists, engineers, and technicians to locate, extract, and process the crude oil. Significant amounts of energy, water, and other chemicals are also necessary for the various production and refining stages.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of the crude oil industry are the refined petroleum products, which are then consumed by a wide range of other industries, including 2710 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, other than crude; preparations not elsewhere specified or included, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils, 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons, and 2712 Petroleum jelly; paraffin wax, microcrystalline petroleum wax, slack wax, ozokerite, lignite wax, peat wax, other mineral waxes, and similar products obtained by synthesis or by other processes, whether or not colored.

Family tree for petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals; crude

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/27'>27: Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2709'>2709: Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals; crude</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2701'>2701: Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2702'>2702: Lignite; whether or not agglomerated, excluding jet</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2703'>2703: Peat; (including peat litter), whether or not agglomerated</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2704'>2704: Coke and semi-coke; of coal, lignite or peat, whether or not agglomerated; retort carbon</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2705'>2705: Coal gas, water gas, producer gas and similar gases, other than petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2706'>2706: Tar distilled from coal, from lignite, peat and other mineral tars, whether or not dehydrated or partially distilled; including reconstituted tars</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2707'>2707: Oils and other products of the distillation of high temperature coal tar; similar products in which the weight of the aromatic constituents exceeds that of the non-aromatic constituents</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2708'>2708: Pitch and pitch coke; obtained from coal tar or from other mineral tars</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2710'>2710: Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not crude; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; these being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2711'>2711: Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2712'>2712: Petroleum jelly; paraffin wax, micro-crystalline petroleum wax, slack wax, ozokerite, lignite wax, peat wax, other mineral waxes, similar products obtained by synthesis, other processes; coloured or not</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2713'>2713: Petroleum coke, petroleum bitumen; other residues of petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2714'>2714: Bitumen and asphalt, natural; bituminous or oil shale and tar sands; asphaltites and asphaltic rocks</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2715'>2715: Bituminous mixtures based on natural asphalt; on natural bitumen, on petroleum bitumen, on mineral tar or on mineral tar pitch (e.g. bituminous mastics, cut-backs)</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2716'>2716: Electrical energy</a>"]

    B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/270900'>270900: Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight