Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of soya-bean oil

HS code 230400 covers oil-cake and other solid residues resulting from the extraction of soya-bean oil. This industry plays a crucial role in the global agricultural and food processing sectors, as soya-bean oil is one of the most widely consumed vegetable oils worldwide. The by-products from soya-bean oil extraction, known as oil-cake, are an important source of protein-rich animal feed, contributing to the sustainability of livestock production.

The production of oil-cake and other solid residues under HS code 230400 typically involves the mechanical or chemical extraction of oil from soya beans. This process often begins with cleaning and preparation of the soya beans, followed by crushing, flaking, or pressing to extract the oil. The remaining solid material, or oil-cake, is then further processed, which may include drying, grinding, or pelletizing to improve its handling and storage properties.

The main inputs required for the production of oil-cake and other solid residues under HS code 230400 are soya beans, which serve as the primary raw material. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized machinery and equipment for the extraction, processing, and handling of the oil-cake. Energy sources, such as electricity or fuel, are also necessary for the various stages of production.

The primary output of the industry covered by HS code 230400 is oil-cake and other solid residues resulting from the extraction of soya-bean oil. These by-products are primarily used as high-protein animal feed, often consumed by the 010000 Live animals and 020000 Meat and edible meat offal industries. Additionally, some oil-cake may be further processed or used in other applications, such as fertilizers or biofuel production.