Soya beans; other than seed, whether or not broken

HS code 120190 covers soya beans, excluding those used for seed purposes. Soya beans are a crucial agricultural commodity, serving as a major source of protein, oil, and animal feed globally. This industry plays a significant role in the broader food and agricultural economy, contributing to food security and supporting various downstream industries.

Soya beans are primarily cultivated through traditional farming methods. The production process typically involves land preparation, planting, crop management (including pest control and irrigation), and harvesting. Harvested soya beans are then cleaned, dried, and processed for various end-uses, such as oil extraction, animal feed production, or direct consumption.

The main inputs required for the soya bean industry include arable land, suitable climate conditions, agricultural machinery (e.g., tractors, harvesters), fertilizers, pesticides, and labor. Additionally, access to transportation infrastructure and storage facilities are crucial for the efficient distribution and processing of soya beans.

The primary outputs of the soya bean industry are soya bean oil and soya bean meal. Soya bean oil is used for cooking, food processing, and the production of various consumer goods, while soya bean meal is a valuable protein-rich animal feed ingredient. Other potential outputs include soya bean flour, soya milk, and soya-based food products. The outputs of this industry are often consumed by industries covered under 120100 Soya beans, whether or not broken, 150710 Soya-bean oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified, and 230400 Oilcake and other solid residues, whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of soya-bean oil.