Cereals; grain sorghum, other than seed

HS code 100790 covers the trade of grain sorghum, a cereal crop that is widely cultivated and consumed globally. Sorghum is an important staple food in many parts of the world, particularly in Africa and Asia, and is also used as animal feed and in the production of biofuels. As a resilient and drought-tolerant crop, sorghum plays a crucial role in food security and agricultural development, especially in regions with challenging climatic conditions.

Grain sorghum is primarily produced through traditional farming methods. The crop is typically grown in warm, semi-arid regions and requires relatively low inputs compared to other cereal crops. Sorghum is sown, cultivated, and harvested using standard agricultural equipment and techniques, such as plowing, seeding, and mechanical harvesting. Post-harvest processing may involve drying, cleaning, and storage to prepare the grain for further use or distribution.

The main inputs required for the production of grain sorghum include arable land, water, and agricultural machinery. Sorghum is generally grown in areas with moderate to low rainfall, so access to irrigation systems or reliance on natural precipitation is essential. Farmers also require basic farming tools, such as tractors, plows, and harvesters, to cultivate and harvest the crop efficiently. Additionally, sorghum production may involve the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and other agricultural inputs to optimize yields and quality.

The primary output of HS code 100790 is grain sorghum, which can be used for a variety of purposes. The grain is commonly consumed as a staple food, either directly or in the form of flour, porridge, or other processed products. Sorghum is also a valuable animal feed, particularly for livestock such as cattle, sheep, and poultry. Furthermore, the crop is increasingly being used in the production of biofuels, such as ethanol, due to its high starch content. The outputs of HS code 100790 may be consumed by industries covered under other HS codes, such as 110100 Cereal flours, 230990 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding, and 220710 Undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength by volume of 80% vol. or higher.