Vegetables; spinach, New Zealand spinach and orache spinach (garden spinach), fresh or chilled

HS v2017 Code: 070970

About vegetables; spinach, new zealand spinach and orache spinach (garden spinach), fresh or chilled

HS code 070970 covers a range of fresh or chilled spinach varieties, including New Zealand spinach and orache spinach (also known as garden spinach). Spinach is a highly nutritious leafy green vegetable that is widely consumed globally, both as a fresh produce item and as an ingredient in various processed food products. The spinach industry plays a significant role in the broader agricultural and food processing sectors, contributing to food security and providing economic opportunities for producers, distributors, and related industries.

Production process

Spinach production typically involves growing the plants in nutrient-rich soil, often in controlled environments such as greenhouses or hydroponic systems, to ensure optimal growing conditions. The spinach leaves are harvested by hand or mechanically, usually when they reach the desired size and maturity. Post-harvest handling may include washing, trimming, and packaging the spinach to maintain freshness and quality before distribution to markets.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the spinach industry under HS code 070970 include high-quality spinach seeds or seedlings, fertile soil or growing media, water for irrigation, and agricultural equipment and machinery for planting, harvesting, and post-harvest processing. Growers may also utilize fertilizers, pesticides, and other agricultural inputs to optimize plant growth and yield. Transportation infrastructure and logistics services are essential for the efficient distribution of fresh spinach to domestic and international markets.

Production outputs

The primary output of the spinach industry covered by HS code 070970 is fresh or chilled spinach leaves and bunches. This spinach may be consumed directly as a fresh vegetable or used as an ingredient in a wide range of food products, such as salads, soups, and ready-to-eat meals. The spinach output from this industry may also be further processed, such as through freezing or drying, to extend its shelf life and enable broader distribution and use. Other related HS codes that may consume the output of this industry include 0710 (Vegetables (uncooked or cooked by steaming or boiling in water), frozen) and 0712 Vegetables, dried, whole, cut, sliced, broken or in powder, but not further prepared.

Revisions to 070970

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 070970. The most recent 1 version of this code (070970) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 070970 ( HS v2017).

Family tree for vegetables; spinach, new zealand spinach and orache spinach (garden spinach), fresh or chilled

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/07'>07: Vegetables and certain roots and tubers; edible</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0709'>0709: Vegetables; n.e.c. in chapter 07, fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070970'>070970: Vegetables; spinach, New Zealand spinach and orache spinach (garden spinach), fresh or chilled</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070920'>070920: Vegetables; asparagus, fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070930'>070930: Vegetables; aubergines, (e.g. plants), fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070940'>070940: Vegetables; celery (other than celeriac), fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070951'>070951: Vegetables; mushrooms of the genus Agaricus, fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070959'>070959: Vegetables; truffles and mushrooms (other than of the genus Agaricus), fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070960'>070960: Vegetables; fruits of the genus capsicum or of the genus pimenta, fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070991'>070991: Vegetables; globe artichokes, fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070992'>070992: Vegetables; olives, fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070993'>070993: Vegetables; pumpkins, squash and gourds (Cucurbita spp.), fresh or chilled</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/070999'>070999: Vegetables; edible, n.e.c. in chapter 07, fresh or chilled</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6
class K level6
class L level6
class M level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight