Coke and semi-coke of coal, of lignite or of peat; retort carbon

cpc code 33100 covers the production of coke and semi-coke, which are important energy sources and raw materials in various industries. Coke, a solid carbon-rich material, is primarily derived from the high-temperature heating of coal in the absence of oxygen. This process, known as carbonization, is a crucial step in the production of steel, as coke serves as a reducing agent and energy source in blast furnaces. The semi-coke, a less processed form of coke, also finds applications in the production of certain chemicals and fuels. The 33100 industry plays a vital role in supporting the energy and manufacturing sectors, contributing to the broader economic landscape.

The production of coke and semi-coke involves a multi-step process. First, coal is crushed and screened to ensure a consistent size. The coal is then loaded into coke ovens, where it is heated to high temperatures, typically between 900-1200°C, in the absence of oxygen. This process, known as pyrolysis, drives off the volatile components of the coal, leaving behind a solid, porous material known as coke. The coke is then quenched with water or steam to cool it down. Semi-coke is produced through a similar process, but at lower temperatures, resulting in a less processed form of the material.

The main inputs required for the production of coke and semi-coke include 27010 Coal, briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal, which serves as the primary raw material. Additionally, the process requires specialized coke ovens, conveyor systems, and other equipment to handle the high-temperature heating and material handling. Energy sources, such as electricity and natural gas, are also necessary to power the production facilities.

The primary outputs of the 33100 industry are 33100 Coke and semi-coke of coal, of lignite or of peat; retort carbon, which are consumed by various industries. Coke is a crucial input for the 24100 Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys industry, where it is used as a reducing agent and energy source in blast furnaces. Semi-coke may also find applications in the production of certain chemicals and fuels. The outputs of the 33100 industry can be further processed or used as inputs for other industries, contributing to the broader supply chain.