Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

isic code E, 'Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities', encompasses a critical set of industries that are essential for maintaining a healthy and sustainable environment. These industries are responsible for the collection, treatment, and distribution of water, as well as the management and disposal of waste and the remediation of contaminated sites. They play a vital role in supporting the broader economy by providing the necessary infrastructure and services to support various other industries and the general population.

The main production techniques used in this industry involve a combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Water treatment plants utilize filtration, disinfection, and other purification methods to ensure the safety and quality of the water supply. Sewerage systems rely on gravity-fed pipelines, pumping stations, and treatment facilities to collect, transport, and process wastewater. Waste management operations employ a range of techniques, such as landfilling, incineration, and recycling, to handle and dispose of various types of waste. Remediation activities often involve the use of specialized equipment and techniques to remove, contain, or neutralize contaminants in soil, groundwater, or other environmental media.

The main inputs required for this industry include raw water sources, such as surface water or groundwater, as well as various chemicals and materials used in the treatment and purification processes. Machinery and equipment, such as pumps, filters, and treatment tanks, are also essential inputs. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce, including engineers, technicians, and operators, to manage and maintain the complex systems and processes involved.

The main outputs of this industry are clean, potable water, treated wastewater, and properly managed waste. These outputs are then consumed by a wide range of other industries, including C Manufacturing, F Construction, G Wholesale and retail trade, and H Transportation and storage, as well as by households and the general population. The remediation activities within this industry also produce outputs in the form of restored and rehabilitated environmental media, which can benefit various other sectors.