Metal-rolling mills; cold

HS code 845522 covers metal-rolling mills used for cold rolling of metals. This industry plays a crucial role in the manufacturing sector, as it transforms raw metal materials into more refined and usable forms. Cold rolling is a widely adopted metal forming process that enhances the mechanical properties of metals, making them stronger, more durable, and better suited for various industrial applications. The metal-rolling mills industry is a key supplier to a range of downstream industries, including automotive, construction, and machinery manufacturing, contributing significantly to the overall economic activity.

The main production technique used in the metal-rolling mills industry is cold rolling. In this process, metal sheets or strips are passed through a series of rollers under high pressure, which reduces the thickness of the material and alters its physical properties. The rollers are precisely engineered to apply the desired amount of force and control the final dimensions of the rolled product. This process is typically carried out at room temperature, unlike hot rolling, which involves heating the metal before rolling. Cold rolling allows for tighter tolerances, improved surface finish, and enhanced mechanical properties of the final product.

The primary inputs required for the metal-rolling mills industry include raw metal materials, such as steel, aluminum, or copper, as well as specialized rolling mill machinery and equipment. The metal feedstock can come from various sources, including 720810 primary iron and steel, 760110 unwrought aluminum, or 740311 refined copper. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce, energy sources, and maintenance services to ensure the efficient operation of the rolling mills.

The main outputs of the metal-rolling mills industry are cold-rolled metal products, such as sheets, strips, and coils. These materials are then consumed by a wide range of downstream industries, including 870323 motor vehicles with spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, 730890 structures and parts of structures, and 842139 filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus for gases. The cold-rolled metal products are valued for their improved strength, flatness, and surface quality, making them suitable for a variety of manufacturing and construction applications.