Refractory ceramic goods; containing by weight more than 50% of alumina or of a mixture or compound of alumina and of silica, excluding those of siliceous fossil meals or similar earths

HS code 690320 covers a range of refractory ceramic goods that are primarily composed of alumina or a mixture of alumina and silica. These specialized materials play a crucial role in various industrial processes, providing heat-resistant and durable solutions for applications where extreme temperatures and harsh environments are encountered. As a key component in the manufacturing of furnaces, kilns, and other high-temperature equipment, the products under this code contribute significantly to the efficiency and reliability of numerous industries, including steel, glass, and cement production.

The production of refractory ceramic goods under HS code 690320 typically involves a multi-step process. First, the raw materials, which may include alumina, silica, and various mineral additives, are carefully selected and measured. These materials are then thoroughly mixed and ground to achieve the desired particle size and homogeneity. The resulting powder is then shaped into the desired form, often through pressing or extrusion techniques. Finally, the shaped pieces undergo a high-temperature firing process, which fuses the materials and imparts the necessary strength, heat resistance, and durability to the final product.

The primary inputs for the production of refractory ceramic goods under HS code 690320 are alumina and silica-based raw materials. These may include high-purity alumina, silica sand, and various mineral additives that can enhance the performance characteristics of the final product. Additionally, specialized machinery and equipment, such as grinding mills, presses, and high-temperature kilns, are essential for the manufacturing process. Energy sources, such as natural gas or electricity, are also required to power the production facilities and maintain the necessary high temperatures during the firing stage.

The refractory ceramic goods produced under HS code 690320 are primarily used as heat-resistant components in a wide range of industrial applications. These products are often found in furnaces, kilns, and other high-temperature equipment used in the 720000 Iron and Steel, 700000 Glass and Glassware, and 2523 Cement and Concrete industries. The outputs from this industry may also be consumed by manufacturers of 841780 Industrial or Laboratory Furnaces and Ovens, as well as in the construction of specialized industrial infrastructure.