Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes

HS v2022 Code: 35

About albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes

HS code 35 covers a diverse range of products that are essential in various industries, from food processing to adhesives and pharmaceuticals. These albuminoidal substances, modified starches, glues, and enzymes play a crucial role in the global economy, enabling the production of a wide array of consumer and industrial goods. This industry's importance extends across sectors, making it a vital component of international trade and economic development.

Production process

The production of goods under HS code 35 involves a range of techniques, depending on the specific product. Albuminoidal substances, such as casein and gelatin, are typically extracted from animal sources through processes like precipitation, filtration, and drying. Modified starches are produced by chemically or physically altering natural starches to enhance their properties, often for use as thickeners or binders. Glues and adhesives are manufactured by combining various polymers, resins, and other ingredients through mixing, heating, and curing processes. Enzymes, on the other hand, are typically produced through fermentation of microorganisms or by extraction from plant or animal sources.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of goods under HS code 35 include raw materials such as animal proteins, natural starches, and various chemical compounds. Specialized equipment, such as centrifuges, driers, and reactors, are also necessary for the manufacturing processes. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce, including chemists, process engineers, and technicians, to ensure the quality and consistency of the final products.

Production outputs

The diverse range of products covered by HS code 35 find applications in numerous industries. Albuminoidal substances, such as casein and gelatin, are used in food processing, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Modified starches are widely used as thickeners, binders, and stabilizers in the food, paper, and textile industries. Glues and adhesives are essential for the production of a wide variety of consumer and industrial goods, including furniture, packaging, and construction materials. Enzymes are utilized in industries such as food processing, detergents, and biofuels. The outputs of this industry are often consumed by other industries, such as 19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; pastrycooks' products, 30 Pharmaceutical products, and 48 Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard.

Family tree for albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/35'>35: Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes</a>"]

    
    A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3501'>3501: Casein, caseinates and other casein derivatives; casein glues</a>"]
A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3502'>3502: Albumins (including concentrates of two or more whey proteins, containing by weight more than 80% whey proteins, calculated on the dry matter), albuminates and other albumin derivatives</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3503'>3503: Gelatin (including gelatin in rectangular sheets, whether or not surface-worked or coloured) and gelatin derivatives; isinglass; other glues of animal origin, excluding casein glues of heading no. 3501</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3504'>3504: Peptones and their derivatives; other protein substances and their derivatives n.e.c. or included; hide powder, whether or not chromed</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3505'>3505: Dextrins and other modified starches (e.g. pregelatinised or esterified starches); glues based on starches or on dextrins or other modified starches</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3506'>3506: Prepared glues and other prepared adhesives, n.e.c. or included; products suitable for use as glues or adhesives, put up for retail sale as glues or adhesives, not exceeding 1kg net weight</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/3507'>3507: Enzymes; prepared enzymes not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]


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