Clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth
HS v2022 Code: 2508
About clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth
HS code 2508 covers a diverse range of natural mineral materials, including various types of clays, andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite, mullite, and chamotte or dinas earth. These materials have a wide array of industrial applications, from ceramics and refractories to construction and filtration. They play a crucial role in numerous manufacturing and processing industries, contributing to the broader economy.
Production process
The production of the materials under HS code 2508 typically involves mining, processing, and refining. Clays are extracted from natural deposits, often through open-pit or underground mining techniques. The extracted clay is then crushed, dried, and sometimes calcined (heat-treated) to modify its properties. Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite are also mined and processed, often through similar methods. Mullite and chamotte or dinas earth are produced through the thermal processing of other mineral materials.
Production inputs
The primary inputs for the industries covered by HS code 2508 are the natural mineral deposits themselves, which are found in various regions around the world. In addition to the raw materials, the production process requires specialized mining and processing equipment, as well as energy sources for drying, calcining, and other thermal treatments. Labor, transportation, and logistics are also important inputs for these industries.
Production outputs
The materials classified under HS code 2508 are used in a wide range of downstream industries. Clays are commonly used in the production of 6901 Ceramic bricks, blocks, tiles and other ceramic goods, 6902 Refractory bricks, blocks, tiles and similar refractory ceramic constructional goods, and 6903 Other refractory ceramic goods. Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite are often used in the manufacture of 6902 Refractory bricks, blocks, tiles and similar refractory ceramic constructional goods and 6903 Other refractory ceramic goods. Mullite and chamotte or dinas earth are also used in the production of various refractory and ceramic products.
Family tree for clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth
graph LR
A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/25'>25: Salt; sulphur; earths, stone; plastering materials, lime and cement</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2508'>2508: Clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth</a>"]
A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2501'>2501: Salt (including table salt and denatured salt); pure sodium chloride whether or not in aqueous solution; sea water</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2502'>2502: Iron pyrites; unroasted</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2503'>2503: Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2504'>2504: Graphite; natural</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2505'>2505: Sands of all kinds; natural, whether or not coloured, other than metal-bearing sands of chapter 26</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2506'>2506: Quartz; (other than natural sands), quartzite, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2507'>2507: Kaolin and other kaolinic clays; whether or not calcined</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2509'>2509: Chalk</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2510'>2510: Natural calcium phosphates; natural aluminium calcium phosphates and phosphatic chalk</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2511'>2511: Natural barium sulphate (barytes); natural barium carbonate, (witherite) whether or not calcined, other than barium oxide of heading no. 2816</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2512'>2512: Siliceous fossil meals (e.g. kieselguhr, tripolite and diatomite) and similar siliceous earths; whether or not calcined, of an apparent specific gravity of 1 or less</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2513'>2513: Pumice stone; emery; natural corundum, natural garnet and other natural abrasives, whether or not heat treated</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2514'>2514: Slate, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2515'>2515: Marble, travertine, ecaussine and other calcareous stone; of an apparent specific gravity of less than 2.5, alabaster, whether cut by sawing etc, into blocks, slabs of a rectangular (square) shape</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2516'>2516: Granite, porphyry, basalt, sandstone, other monumental and building stone, whether or not roughly trimmed, cut, by sawing etc, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2517'>2517: Pebbles, gravel, crushed stone for concrete aggregates for road or railway ballast, shingle or flint; macadam of slag, dross etc tarred granules, chippings, powder of stones of heading no. 2515 and 2516</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2518'>2518: Dolomite, whether or not calcined or sintered, including dolomite roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2519'>2519: Natural magnesium carbonate (magnesite); fused magnesia; dead-burned (sintered) magnesia, whether or not containing small quantities of other oxides added before sintering; magnesium oxide, pure or not</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2520'>2520: Gypsum; anhydrite; plasters (consisting of calcined gypsum or calcium sulphate), coloured or not, with or without small quantities of accelerators or retarders</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2521'>2521: Limestone flux; limestone and other calcareous stone, of a kind used for the manufacture of lime or cement</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2522'>2522: Quicklime, slaked lime and hydraulic lime; other than calcium oxide and hydroxide of heading no. 2825</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2523'>2523: Portland cement, aluminous cement (ciment fondu), slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2524'>2524: Asbestos</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2525'>2525: Mica, including splittings; mica waste</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2526'>2526: Natural steatite; whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape; talc</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2528'>2528: Natural borates and concentrates thereof (whether or not calcined), but not including borates separated from natural brine; natural boric acid containing not more than 85 % of H3BO3 calculated on the dry weight</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2529'>2529: Feldspar; leucite; nepheline and nepheline syenite; fluorspar</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/2530'>2530: Mineral substances not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]
B --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/250810'>250810: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); bentonite, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/250830'>250830: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BG["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/250840'>250840: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BH["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/250850'>250850: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); andalusite, kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BI["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/250860'>250860: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); mullite</a>"]
B --> BJ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2022/250870'>250870: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); chamotte or dinas earths</a>"]
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class K level4
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class N level4
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class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level6
class BF level6
class BG level6
class BH level6
class BI level6
class BJ level6
class B highlight
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