Lamps; portable, electric, designed to function by their own source of energy (excluding lighting equipment of heading no. 8512)

hs code 851310 covers a wide range of portable, electric lamps designed to function using their own power source. These lamps are an essential part of the lighting industry, providing illumination in a variety of settings where fixed lighting may not be practical or available. The production and trade of these lamps play a significant role in the global economy, supporting industries such as construction, camping, and emergency services.

Portable electric lamps under hs code 851310 are typically manufactured using a combination of metalworking, plastics molding, and electrical assembly techniques. The process often begins with the fabrication of the lamp's housing, which may be made from materials like aluminum, steel, or high-impact plastic. The electrical components, including the light source, power supply, and any control mechanisms, are then assembled and integrated into the housing. Finally, the lamp is tested and any necessary finishing touches, such as painting or branding, are applied before packaging and distribution.

The main inputs required for the production of portable electric lamps under hs code 851310 include raw materials such as metals, plastics, and electrical components like LED bulbs, batteries, and switches. Manufacturers also rely on specialized machinery for metalworking, molding, and assembly, as well as tools and equipment for testing and quality control. Additionally, the industry requires a skilled workforce capable of operating the production equipment and assembling the lamps to high standards.

Portable electric lamps classified under hs code 851310 are primarily consumed by a wide range of end-users, including 940520 Lamps and lighting fittings, 940530 Lighting sets of a kind used for Christmas trees, and 940540 Other electric lamps and lighting fittings. These lamps are used in a variety of applications, such as camping, emergency lighting, task lighting, and decorative purposes. The output of this industry also serves as an input for other industries, such as 940510 Chandeliers and other electric ceiling or wall lighting fittings, which may incorporate portable electric lamps into their products.