Lead; unwrought, unrefined, containing by weight antimony as the principal other element

HS code 780191 covers the trade of lead that is unwrought and unrefined, containing antimony as the primary additional element. Lead is a dense, malleable, and corrosion-resistant metal with a wide range of industrial applications. This industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, providing essential raw materials for various sectors, including construction, transportation, and electronics.

The production of lead under HS code 780191 typically involves the smelting of lead-containing ores. The ore is first crushed and concentrated to increase the lead content. It is then smelted in a furnace, where the lead is extracted and separated from other impurities. The resulting lead is then cast into ingots or other shapes for further processing or distribution.

The main inputs required for the production of lead under HS code 780191 include lead-containing ores, such as galena (lead sulfide), as well as various fluxing agents and reducing agents used in the smelting process. Additionally, the industry relies on specialized equipment, such as furnaces, casting molds, and material handling machinery.

The primary output of the industry covered by HS code 780191 is unwrought, unrefined lead containing antimony as the principal other element. This lead is often used as a raw material for the production of lead-acid batteries, which are widely used in the 851110 automotive industry. Other industries that may consume the output of this industry include the 680800 construction industry and the 854110 electronics industry.