Copper; washers, (including spring washers), not threaded

HS code 741521 covers the import and export of copper washers, including spring washers, that are not threaded. This industry plays a crucial role in the broader metal manufacturing and construction sectors, providing essential components for a wide range of applications. The global demand for these copper washers is driven by their durability, corrosion resistance, and versatility, making them a vital part of various industrial and commercial projects.

The production of copper washers, including spring washers, under HS code 741521 typically involves a multi-step process. First, raw copper is melted and cast into the desired shape and size. The washers are then stamped or punched out of the copper sheets, ensuring precise dimensions. In the case of spring washers, additional coiling and shaping processes are required to create the distinctive spring-like form. Finally, the washers may undergo surface treatments, such as plating or coating, to enhance their appearance and protective properties.

The main inputs for the production of copper washers, as described by HS code 741521, include high-purity copper as the primary raw material, as well as specialized machinery for melting, casting, and stamping the washers. Additionally, energy sources, such as electricity or natural gas, are required to power the production equipment. Skilled labor, including metal fabricators and engineers, is also a crucial input for this industry.

The primary output of the industry covered by HS code 741521 is copper washers, including spring washers, that are not threaded. These washers find applications in a wide range of industries, including 731600 Structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel; plates, rods, angles, shapes, sections, tubes and the like, prepared for use in structures, of iron or steel, 732690 Other articles of iron or steel, and 842139 Filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus for gases, other than intake air filters for internal combustion engines. The versatility and durability of these copper washers make them essential components in various mechanical and construction applications.