Wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated

HS v2017 Code: 440391

About wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated

HS code 440391 covers the trade of oak wood in its raw, unprocessed state. This is a crucial classification within the broader timber and forestry industry, as oak is a highly valued and versatile hardwood used in a wide range of applications, from furniture and construction to wine-making and more. The global trade in raw oak wood plays a significant role in supporting economic activity across multiple sectors, making this a key area of focus for import/export businesses.

Production process

The production of raw oak wood under HS code 440391 primarily involves the harvesting and initial processing of oak trees. This typically begins with the felling of mature oak trees, either from managed forests or natural woodlands. The harvested logs are then stripped of bark and any sapwood, before being roughly squared or left in their natural round shape. This 'in the rough' state is the key distinguishing feature of this code, as the oak has not undergone any further treatment or processing beyond these basic preparatory steps.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of raw oak wood under HS code 440391 are the oak trees themselves, which are a natural biological resource. Specialized forestry equipment and machinery is used to fell the trees, strip them, and prepare the raw oak logs for market. Labor, transportation, and storage facilities are also important inputs in getting the unprocessed oak wood from the forest to the point of export.

Production outputs

The primary output of HS code 440391 is, of course, raw, unprocessed oak wood. This material is then consumed by a range of downstream industries, such as 440610 (Wood; railway or tramway sleepers (cross-ties), not impregnated), 440799 Wood; oak, sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed, of a thickness exceeding 6 mm, and 940161 Furniture; seats, with wooden frames, upholstered, among others. The versatility of oak makes this a highly sought-after raw material across many manufacturing and construction sectors.

Revisions to 440391

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 440391. The most recent 1 version of this code (440391) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 440391 ( HS v2017).

Older versions

Family tree for wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/44'>44: Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4403'>4403: Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440391'>440391: Wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440311'>440311: Wood; coniferous species, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared; treated with paint, stains, creosote or other preservatives</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440312'>440312: Wood; non-coniferous species, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared; treated with paint, stains, creosote or other preservatives</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440321'>440321: Wood; coniferous species, of pine (Pinus spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is 15 cm or more</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440322'>440322: Wood; coniferous species, of pine (Pinus spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is less than 15 cm</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440323'>440323: Wood; coniferous species, of fir (Abies spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is 15 cm or more</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440324'>440324: Wood; coniferous species, of fir (Abies spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is less than 15 cm</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440325'>440325: Wood; coniferous species n.e.c in headings 4403.21 or 4403.23, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is 15 cm or more</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440326'>440326: Wood; coniferous species n.e.c in headings 4403.22 or 4403.24, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is less than 15 cm</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440341'>440341: Wood, tropical; as specified in Subheading Note 2 to this Chapter, dark red meranti, light red meranti and meranti bakau, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440349'>440349: Wood, tropical; other than dark red meranti, light red meranti and meranti bakau, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440393'>440393: Wood; of beech (Fagus spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is 15 cm or more</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440394'>440394: Wood; of beech (Fagus spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is less than 15 cm</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440395'>440395: Wood; of birch (Betula spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is 15 cm or more</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440396'>440396: Wood; of birch (Betula spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is less than 15 cm</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440397'>440397: Wood; of poplar and aspen (Populus spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440398'>440398: Wood; of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/440399'>440399: Wood; in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, n.e.c. in heading no. 4403</a>"]

    

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class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
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class R level6
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