Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, without fittings

HS v2017 Code: 400931

About rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, without fittings

HS code 400931 covers a critical component of the global rubber industry - vulcanised rubber tubing, piping, and hoses reinforced with textile materials. These products are essential for a wide range of applications, from automotive and industrial equipment to consumer goods and infrastructure. As a key input for many downstream industries, this segment plays a vital role in the broader economy, facilitating the flow of goods, resources, and services around the world.

Production process

The production of HS 400931 items typically involves a multi-step vulcanisation process. First, raw rubber is combined with various additives and reinforcing materials, such as textile fabrics. The mixture is then extruded or molded into the desired tubular or hose shape. Next, the formed product undergoes vulcanisation, a heat-based process that cross-links the rubber molecules, enhancing its strength, durability, and resistance to heat, chemicals, and abrasion. Finally, the vulcanised rubber tubing or hose may undergo additional finishing steps, such as cutting, trimming, or the application of fittings, depending on the intended application.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of HS 400931 items include raw natural or synthetic rubber, textile reinforcing materials (such as woven or braided fabrics), and various chemical additives like accelerators, antioxidants, and vulcanising agents. Specialized extrusion or molding equipment, as well as curing ovens or presses, are also essential for the manufacturing process. Skilled labor, particularly in the areas of compound formulation, extrusion, and quality control, is another key input for this industry.

Production outputs

The primary outputs of HS 400931 are vulcanised rubber tubing, piping, and hoses reinforced with textile materials. These products are widely used in a variety of industries, including 870000 Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, 840000 Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof, 460000 Manufactures of straw, of esparto or of other plaiting materials; basketware and wickerwork, and 300000 Pharmaceutical products. The versatility of these reinforced rubber products allows them to be adapted for diverse applications, from fluid and gas transportation to industrial equipment and consumer goods.

Revisions to 400931

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 400931. The most recent 1 version of this code (400931) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 400931 ( HS v2017).

Older versions

Family tree for rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, without fittings

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/40'>40: Rubber and articles thereof</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/4009'>4009: Tubes, pipes and hoses, of vulcanised rubber (other than hard rubber), with or without their fittings (e.g. joints, elbows, flanges)</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400931'>400931: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, without fittings</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400911'>400911: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, not reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, without fittings</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400912'>400912: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, not reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, with fittings</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400921'>400921: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with metal, without fittings</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400922'>400922: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with metal, with fittings</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400932'>400932: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, with fittings</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400941'>400941: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, without fittings</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/400942'>400942: Rubber; vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, with fittings</a>"]

    

    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level6
class D level6
class E level6
class F level6
class G level6
class H level6
class I level6
class J level6

  class C highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class C highlight