Carbon; activated

HS code 380210 covers activated carbon, a highly porous material with a large surface area that is widely used in various industries for its exceptional adsorption properties. Activated carbon plays a crucial role in water purification, air filtration, chemical processing, and many other applications, making it an essential commodity in the global economy.

Activated carbon is typically produced through a two-step process. First, a carbonaceous material, such as coal, wood, or coconut shells, is heated in the absence of oxygen to remove non-carbon elements, resulting in a char. This char is then activated, usually by exposing it to oxidizing gases or steam at high temperatures, which creates the porous structure and increases the surface area of the material.

The main inputs for the production of activated carbon include the carbonaceous raw materials, such as coal, wood, or agricultural waste, as well as the energy sources and equipment needed for the heating and activation processes. Specialized machinery, such as furnaces, retorts, and activation chambers, are also essential for the manufacturing of activated carbon.

The primary output of HS code 380210 is activated carbon, which is then consumed by a wide range of industries. Some of the main consumers of activated carbon include 382450 Water treatment chemicals, 392010 Plastic packaging for food, 854389 Electrical machinery and equipment, and 900190 Orthopedic appliances. Activated carbon is used in these industries for applications such as water purification, air filtration, chemical processing, and medical devices.