Alkaloids; cathine (INN) and its salts

HS v2017 Code: 293943

About alkaloids; cathine (inn) and its salts

HS code 293943 covers the classification of alkaloids, specifically cathine (INN) and its salts. Alkaloids are a diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds that contain basic nitrogen atoms. They are found in various plants and play important roles in their defense mechanisms. Cathine, also known as d-norpseudoephedrine, is a stimulant drug that is used for its appetite-suppressant and decongestant properties. The trade in alkaloids and their derivatives is a significant component of the global pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

Production process

The production of cathine and its salts typically involves the extraction and purification of the compound from the leaves of the Catha edulis plant, also known as the khat plant. The leaves are harvested, dried, and then subjected to various chemical processes to isolate the desired alkaloid. This may include solvent extraction, crystallization, and other separation techniques to obtain the pure cathine compound.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of cathine and its salts include the Catha edulis plant material, various solvents and reagents for the extraction and purification processes, as well as specialized equipment such as extraction vessels, distillation columns, and crystallization equipment. Additionally, the industry relies on a skilled workforce with expertise in organic chemistry and pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Production outputs

The primary output of HS code 293943 is cathine and its salts, which are used in the production of various pharmaceutical and chemical products. These may include stimulant medications, decongestants, and other therapeutic preparations. The output of this industry may also be consumed by manufacturers of 300490 Medicaments, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale, 293499 (Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only, not elsewhere specified or included), and 293999 Organic compounds, n.e.c. in heading 2939.

Revisions to 293943

Classification codes are adjusted frequently. The code may have been revised or replaced between system versions. The table below shows the history (newest to oldest) of the code 293943. The most recent 1 version of this code (293943) is in the HS v2022 system:

This page shows a legacy version of code 293943 ( HS v2017).

Family tree for alkaloids; cathine (inn) and its salts

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/29'>29: Organic chemicals</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2939'>2939: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters and other derivatives</a>"]
B --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293943'>293943: Alkaloids; cathine (INN) and its salts</a>"]

    B --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293911'>293911: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293919'>293919: Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; other than in 2939.11, salts thereof</a>"]
B --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293920'>293920: Alkaloids; of cinchona and their derivatives; salts thereof</a>"]
B --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293930'>293930: Alkaloids; caffeine and its salts</a>"]
B --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293941'>293941: Alkaloids; ephedrine and its salts</a>"]
B --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293942'>293942: Alkaloids; pseudoephedrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293944'>293944: Alkaloids; norephedrine and its salts</a>"]
B --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293949'>293949: Alkaloids; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN), norephedrine, and cathine (INN) and their salts</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293951'>293951: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, fenetylline (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293959'>293959: Alkaloids; theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives; salts thereof, other than fenetylline</a>"]
B --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293961'>293961: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergometrine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293962'>293962: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, ergotamine (INN) and its salts</a>"]
B --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293963'>293963: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, lysergic acid and its salts</a>"]
B --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293969'>293969: Alkaloids; of rye ergot and their derivatives, salts thereof, n.e.c. in item no. 2939.6</a>"]
B --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293971'>293971: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, cocaine, ecgonine, levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamfetamine racemate; salts, esters and other derivatives thereof</a>"]
B --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293979'>293979: Alkaloids; of vegetal origin, other than cocaine, ecgonine, levometamfetamine, metamfetamine (INN), metamfetamine racemate; salts, esters and other derivatives; n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]
B --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/293980'>293980: Alkaloids; natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, esters and other derivatives n.e.c. in heading no. 2939</a>"]

    

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class F level6
class G level6
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class I level6
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class L level6
class M level6
class N level6
class O level6
class P level6
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class R level6
class S level6
class T level6

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