Heavy water (deuterium oxide)

HS code 284510 covers the classification of heavy water, also known as deuterium oxide. Heavy water is a vital resource in the nuclear industry, playing a crucial role in the moderation and cooling of nuclear reactors. Its unique properties make it an essential component in the production of nuclear fuel and the generation of nuclear power, which is a significant contributor to the global energy mix. As such, the heavy water industry is of strategic importance, supporting the broader energy and manufacturing sectors.

Heavy water is primarily produced through the electrolysis of regular water (H2O) or the distillation of natural water sources. The electrolysis process separates the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, with the heavier deuterium atoms preferentially remaining in the liquid phase. Alternatively, the distillation method leverages the slight difference in boiling points between regular water and heavy water to achieve the desired separation.

The production of heavy water requires access to significant quantities of natural water resources, as well as specialized electrolysis or distillation equipment. Additionally, the process may involve the use of catalysts, purification systems, and energy sources to power the production facilities.

The primary output of HS code 284510 is heavy water, which is then consumed by the 840110 Nuclear reactors and 284410 Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes industries. Heavy water is essential for the moderation and cooling of nuclear reactors, as well as the production of nuclear fuel and other radioactive materials used in various applications, such as medical diagnostics and research.