Clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth

HS v2017 Code: 2508

Chapter	Heading	Sub-heading
25	08	n/a

Code	2508
Version	HS v2017
Hierarchy Level	4
Datasource	WCO
Chapter	25

Ancestor Codes: Salt; sulphur; earths, stone; plastering materials, lime and cement

This Code: Clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth

Child Codes: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); mullite; Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined; Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined; Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); andalusite, kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); bentonite, whether or not calcined; Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); chamotte or dinas earths

Sibling Codes (Nearest 5): Sands of all kinds; natural, whether or not coloured, other than metal-bearing sands of chapter 26; Quartz; (other than natural sands), quartzite, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape; Kaolin and other kaolinic clays; whether or not calcined; Chalk; Natural calcium phosphates; natural aluminium calcium phosphates and phosphatic chalk

About clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth

HS code 2508 covers a diverse range of non-metallic mineral products, including various types of clays, andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite, mullite, and chamotte or dinas earth. These materials play a crucial role in numerous industries, from construction and ceramics to refractories and advanced materials. As essential raw materials, the products under this code contribute significantly to the global economy and support the development of a wide range of downstream applications.

Production process

The production of the materials covered by HS code 2508 typically involves mining, processing, and in some cases, calcination or other thermal treatments. Clays are extracted from natural deposits, often through open-pit mining, and then undergo various beneficiation processes to remove impurities and prepare the material for specific applications. Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite may be mined and then subjected to calcination to enhance their refractory properties. Mullite and chamotte or dinas earth are produced through the thermal processing of other aluminosilicate materials.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the production of the goods covered by HS code 2508 include the raw mineral deposits, such as clay, andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite. Specialized mining and processing equipment, as well as energy sources for thermal treatments, are also essential inputs. Depending on the specific application, additional materials like binders, fluxes, or other additives may be required to modify the properties of the final products.

Production outputs

The outputs of the industries covered by HS code 2508 are diverse and find applications in a wide range of sectors. Clays are used in the production of 6901 Ceramic bricks, blocks, tiles and other ceramic goods, 6904 Ceramic building bricks, flooring blocks, support or filler tiles and the like, and 6905 Roofing tiles, chimney-pots, cowls, chimney liners, architectural ornaments and other ceramic constructional goods. Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite are primarily used in the manufacture of 6902 Refractory bricks, blocks, tiles and similar refractory ceramic constructional goods, while mullite and chamotte or dinas earth find applications in specialized refractory and advanced ceramic products.

Family tree for clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/25'>25: Salt; sulphur; earths, stone; plastering materials, lime and cement</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2508'>2508: Clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2501'>2501: Salt (including table salt and denatured salt); pure sodium chloride whether or not in aqueous solution; sea water</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2502'>2502: Iron pyrites; unroasted</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2503'>2503: Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2504'>2504: Graphite; natural</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2505'>2505: Sands of all kinds; natural, whether or not coloured, other than metal-bearing sands of chapter 26</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2506'>2506: Quartz; (other than natural sands), quartzite, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2507'>2507: Kaolin and other kaolinic clays; whether or not calcined</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2509'>2509: Chalk</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2510'>2510: Natural calcium phosphates; natural aluminium calcium phosphates and phosphatic chalk</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2511'>2511: Natural barium sulphate (barytes); natural barium carbonate, (witherite) whether or not calcined, other than barium oxide of heading no. 2816</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2512'>2512: Siliceous fossil meals (e.g. kieselguhr, tripolite and diatomite) and similar siliceous earths; whether or not calcined, of an apparent specific gravity of 1 or less</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2513'>2513: Pumice stone; emery; natural corundum, natural garnet and other natural abrasives, whether or not heat treated</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2514'>2514: Slate, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2515'>2515: Marble, travertine, ecaussine and other calcareous stone; of an apparent specific gravity of less than 2.5, alabaster, whether cut by sawing etc, into blocks, slabs of a rectangular (square) shape</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2516'>2516: Granite, porphyry, basalt, sandstone, other monumental and building stone, whether or not roughly trimmed, cut, by sawing etc, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2517'>2517: Pebbles, gravel, crushed stone for concrete aggregates for road or railway ballast, shingle or flint; macadam of slag, dross etc tarred granules, chippings, powder of stones of heading no. 2515 and 2516</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2518'>2518: Dolomite, whether or not calcined or sintered; including dolomite roughly trimmed, or merely cut by sawing or otherwise into blocks or slabs of rectangular (including square) shape; dolomite ramming mix</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2519'>2519: Natural magnesium carbonate (magnesite); fused magnesia; dead-burned (sintered) magnesia, whether or not containing small quantities of other oxides added before sintering; magnesium oxide, pure or not</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2520'>2520: Gypsum; anhydrite; plasters (consisting of calcined gypsum or calcium sulphate), coloured or not, with or without small quantities of accelerators or retarders</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2521'>2521: Limestone flux; limestone and other calcareous stone, of a kind used for the manufacture of lime or cement</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2522'>2522: Quicklime, slaked lime and hydraulic lime; other than calcium oxide and hydroxide of heading no. 2825</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2523'>2523: Portland cement, aluminous cement (ciment fondu), slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2524'>2524: Asbestos</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2525'>2525: Mica, including splittings; mica waste</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2526'>2526: Natural steatite; whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape; talc</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2528'>2528: Natural borates and concentrates thereof (whether or not calcined), but not including borates separated from natural brine; natural boric acid containing not more than 85 % of H3BO3 calculated on the dry weight</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2529'>2529: Feldspar; leucite; nepheline and nepheline syenite; fluorspar</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2530'>2530: Mineral substances not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]

    B --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250810'>250810: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); bentonite, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250830'>250830: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BG["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250840'>250840: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BH["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250850'>250850: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); andalusite, kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined</a>"]
B --> BI["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250860'>250860: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); mullite</a>"]
B --> BJ["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250870'>250870: Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); chamotte or dinas earths</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

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    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level6
class BF level6
class BG level6
class BH level6
class BI level6
class BJ level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight