Graphite; natural

HS v2017 Code: 2504

Chapter	Heading	Sub-heading
25	04	n/a

Code	2504
Version	HS v2017
Hierarchy Level	4
Datasource	WCO
Chapter	25

Ancestor Codes: Salt; sulphur; earths, stone; plastering materials, lime and cement

This Code: Graphite; natural

Child Codes: Graphite; natural, in other forms, excluding powder or flakes; Graphite; natural, in powder or in flakes

Sibling Codes (Nearest 5): Salt (including table salt and denatured salt); pure sodium chloride whether or not in aqueous solution; sea water; Iron pyrites; unroasted; Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur; Sands of all kinds; natural, whether or not coloured, other than metal-bearing sands of chapter 26; Quartz; (other than natural sands), quartzite, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape

About graphite; natural

HS code 2504 covers natural graphite, a versatile and essential mineral used in a wide range of industries. Graphite is a crystalline form of carbon known for its unique properties, including high thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as excellent lubrication and heat resistance. This industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, supporting the production of everything from batteries and electronics to steel and refractory materials.

Production process

Natural graphite is extracted from graphite-bearing ore deposits through mining operations. The primary production techniques involve crushing, screening, and purification processes to separate the graphite from impurities. Depending on the quality and purity requirements, further processing steps such as flotation, chemical treatment, or thermal processing may be employed to enhance the graphite's properties.

Production inputs

The main inputs required for the natural graphite industry include the graphite-bearing ore deposits, which serve as the primary raw material. Additionally, the industry relies on mining equipment, processing machinery, and various chemicals or reagents used in the purification and refinement stages. Energy sources, such as electricity or fuel, are also essential for powering the production facilities.

Production outputs

The primary output of the natural graphite industry is refined graphite, which is then used as a raw material in a diverse range of applications. These include the manufacture of 8545 Carbon electrodes and brushes, 8504 Electrical transformers and inductors, 8506 Primary cells and primary batteries, and 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel. The graphite produced under HS code 2504 can also be further processed and incorporated into 3801 Artificial graphite; colloidal or semi-colloidal graphite; preparations based on graphite or other carbon in the form of pastes, blocks, plates or other semi-manufactures.

Family tree for graphite; natural

    graph LR
    A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/25'>25: Salt; sulphur; earths, stone; plastering materials, lime and cement</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2504'>2504: Graphite; natural</a>"]

    A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2501'>2501: Salt (including table salt and denatured salt); pure sodium chloride whether or not in aqueous solution; sea water</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2502'>2502: Iron pyrites; unroasted</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2503'>2503: Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2505'>2505: Sands of all kinds; natural, whether or not coloured, other than metal-bearing sands of chapter 26</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2506'>2506: Quartz; (other than natural sands), quartzite, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2507'>2507: Kaolin and other kaolinic clays; whether or not calcined</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2508'>2508: Clays; (not including expanded clays of heading no. 6806), andalusite kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earth</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2509'>2509: Chalk</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2510'>2510: Natural calcium phosphates; natural aluminium calcium phosphates and phosphatic chalk</a>"]
A --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2511'>2511: Natural barium sulphate (barytes); natural barium carbonate, (witherite) whether or not calcined, other than barium oxide of heading no. 2816</a>"]
A --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2512'>2512: Siliceous fossil meals (e.g. kieselguhr, tripolite and diatomite) and similar siliceous earths; whether or not calcined, of an apparent specific gravity of 1 or less</a>"]
A --> N["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2513'>2513: Pumice stone; emery; natural corundum, natural garnet and other natural abrasives, whether or not heat treated</a>"]
A --> O["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2514'>2514: Slate, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> P["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2515'>2515: Marble, travertine, ecaussine and other calcareous stone; of an apparent specific gravity of less than 2.5, alabaster, whether cut by sawing etc, into blocks, slabs of a rectangular (square) shape</a>"]
A --> Q["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2516'>2516: Granite, porphyry, basalt, sandstone, other monumental and building stone, whether or not roughly trimmed, cut, by sawing etc, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape</a>"]
A --> R["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2517'>2517: Pebbles, gravel, crushed stone for concrete aggregates for road or railway ballast, shingle or flint; macadam of slag, dross etc tarred granules, chippings, powder of stones of heading no. 2515 and 2516</a>"]
A --> S["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2518'>2518: Dolomite, whether or not calcined or sintered; including dolomite roughly trimmed, or merely cut by sawing or otherwise into blocks or slabs of rectangular (including square) shape; dolomite ramming mix</a>"]
A --> T["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2519'>2519: Natural magnesium carbonate (magnesite); fused magnesia; dead-burned (sintered) magnesia, whether or not containing small quantities of other oxides added before sintering; magnesium oxide, pure or not</a>"]
A --> U["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2520'>2520: Gypsum; anhydrite; plasters (consisting of calcined gypsum or calcium sulphate), coloured or not, with or without small quantities of accelerators or retarders</a>"]
A --> V["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2521'>2521: Limestone flux; limestone and other calcareous stone, of a kind used for the manufacture of lime or cement</a>"]
A --> W["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2522'>2522: Quicklime, slaked lime and hydraulic lime; other than calcium oxide and hydroxide of heading no. 2825</a>"]
A --> X["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2523'>2523: Portland cement, aluminous cement (ciment fondu), slag cement, supersulphate cement and similar hydraulic cements, whether or not coloured or in the form of clinkers</a>"]
A --> Y["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2524'>2524: Asbestos</a>"]
A --> Z["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2525'>2525: Mica, including splittings; mica waste</a>"]
A --> BA["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2526'>2526: Natural steatite; whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape; talc</a>"]
A --> BB["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2528'>2528: Natural borates and concentrates thereof (whether or not calcined), but not including borates separated from natural brine; natural boric acid containing not more than 85 % of H3BO3 calculated on the dry weight</a>"]
A --> BC["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2529'>2529: Feldspar; leucite; nepheline and nepheline syenite; fluorspar</a>"]
A --> BD["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/2530'>2530: Mineral substances not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]

    B --> BE["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250410'>250410: Graphite; natural, in powder or in flakes</a>"]
B --> BF["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/250490'>250490: Graphite; natural, in other forms, excluding powder or flakes</a>"]


    %% Color coordination by level

    classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
    classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px



  %% Apply classes
  class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level4
class M level4
class N level4
class O level4
class P level4
class Q level4
class R level4
class S level4
class T level4
class U level4
class V level4
class W level4
class X level4
class Y level4
class Z level4
class BA level4
class BB level4
class BC level4
class BD level4
class BE level6
class BF level6

  class B highlight

  %% class A level1
  %% class B,C level2
  %% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
  %% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
  %% class B highlight