Forage products including swedes, mangolds, fodder roots, hay, sainfoin, clover, forage kale, lupines, vetches etc., pelletised or otherwise

HS code 121490 covers a diverse range of forage products that are essential for the livestock industry. These products, which include swedes, mangolds, fodder roots, hay, sainfoin, clover, forage kale, lupines, and vetches, are used as animal feed and play a crucial role in supporting the global agricultural economy. Whether in their natural form or pelletized, these forage products provide vital nutrients and sustenance for livestock, enabling the production of meat, dairy, and other animal-based products that are in high demand worldwide.

The production of forage products under HS code 121490 typically involves a combination of cultivation, harvesting, and processing techniques. Farmers and producers grow these crops using various agricultural methods, such as planting, fertilizing, and irrigating. Harvesting is often done mechanically, with specialized equipment used to cut, collect, and bale the forage. In some cases, the harvested material may undergo further processing, such as drying, chopping, or pelletizing, to improve storage, transportation, and feeding efficiency.

The main inputs required for the production of forage products under HS code 121490 include arable land, seeds or seedlings, fertilizers, water, and agricultural machinery. Farmers and producers may also rely on specialized knowledge and expertise in crop cultivation, as well as access to transportation and storage facilities to move the harvested forage to market. Additionally, the production of pelletized forage may require specialized equipment for the pelletization process.

The primary output of the industry covered by HS code 121490 is animal feed, which is consumed by a wide range of livestock, including cattle, sheep, goats, and horses. The forage products may be sold directly to farmers and ranchers, or they may be further processed and incorporated into 230990 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding or 230110 Flours, meals and pellets, of meat or meat offal, of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates, unfit for human consumption; greaves for distribution to the livestock industry.