Buttermilk, curdled milk and cream, yoghurt, kephir, fermented or acidified milk or cream, whether or not concentrated, containing added sugar, sweetening matter, flavoured or added fruit or cocoa
HS v2017 Code: 0403
About buttermilk, curdled milk and cream, yoghurt, kephir, fermented or acidified milk or cream, whether or not concentrated, containing added sugar, sweetening matter, flavoured or added fruit or cocoa
HS code 0403 covers a diverse range of dairy products, including buttermilk, curdled milk, yogurt, kephir, and other fermented or acidified milk and cream. These products play a vital role in the global food and beverage industry, providing essential nutrients, probiotics, and a wide range of flavors and textures. The 0403 industry is a significant contributor to the broader dairy sector, which is a key component of many national and regional economies worldwide.
Production process
The production of 0403 dairy products typically involves the fermentation or acidification of milk or cream, often with the addition of cultures, sweeteners, and other flavorings. Buttermilk, for example, is produced by the fermentation of regular milk, while yogurt is made by the bacterial fermentation of milk. Kephir, on the other hand, is created through the combined fermentation of milk by yeast and bacteria. These processes help to develop the unique flavors, textures, and nutritional profiles of the various 0403 products.
Production inputs
The main inputs required for the 0403 industry include raw milk, cream, and other dairy ingredients, as well as various cultures, enzymes, and additives used in the fermentation and flavoring processes. Specialized equipment, such as fermentation tanks, pasteurizers, and packaging machinery, is also essential for the efficient production of these dairy products.
Production outputs
The 0403 industry produces a wide range of dairy products, including buttermilk, curdled milk, yogurt, kephir, and other fermented or acidified milk and cream. These outputs are often consumed directly as food and beverage items, but they may also be used as inputs for other food manufacturing processes, such as the production of 0401 Milk and cream, not concentrated nor containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, and 1901 Malt extract; food preparations of flour, groats, meal, starch or malt extract, not containing cocoa or containing less than 40% by weight of cocoa calculated on a totally defatted basis, not elsewhere specified or included; food preparations of goods of headings 0401 to 0404, not containing cocoa or containing less than 5% by weight of cocoa calculated on a totally defatted basis, not elsewhere specified or included.
Family tree for buttermilk, curdled milk and cream, yoghurt, kephir, fermented or acidified milk or cream, whether or not concentrated, containing added sugar, sweetening matter, flavoured or added fruit or cocoa
graph LR
A["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/04'>04: Dairy produce; birds' eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]
A --> B["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0403'>0403: Buttermilk, curdled milk and cream, yoghurt, kephir, fermented or acidified milk or cream, whether or not concentrated, containing added sugar, sweetening matter, flavoured or added fruit or cocoa</a>"]
A --> C["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0401'>0401: Milk and cream; not concentrated, not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter</a>"]
A --> D["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0402'>0402: Milk and cream; concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter</a>"]
A --> E["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0404'>0404: Whey and products consisting of natural milk constituents; whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]
A --> F["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0405'>0405: Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk; dairy spreads</a>"]
A --> G["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0406'>0406: Cheese and curd</a>"]
A --> H["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0407'>0407: Birds' eggs, in shell; fresh, preserved or cooked</a>"]
A --> I["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0408'>0408: Birds' eggs, not in shell; egg yolks, fresh, dried, cooked by steaming or boiling in water, moulded, frozen or otherwise preserved, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter</a>"]
A --> J["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0409'>0409: Honey; natural</a>"]
A --> K["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/0410'>0410: Edible products of animal origin; not elsewhere specified or included</a>"]
B --> L["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/040310'>040310: Dairy produce; yoghurt, whether or not concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or flavoured or containing added fruit or cocoa</a>"]
B --> M["<a href='/classifications/hs/v2017/040390'>040390: Dairy produce; buttermilk, curdled milk or cream, kephir, fermented or acidified milk or cream, whether or not concentrated or containing added sweetening, flavouring, fruit or cocoa (excluding yoghurt)</a>"]
%% Color coordination by level
classDef level1 color:#000,fill:#a8f9ff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
classDef level2 color:#000,fill:#e0a458,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level3 color:#000,fill:#419d78,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level4 color:#000,fill:#c04abc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level5 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef level6 color:#000,fill:#f1c40f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px
classDef highlight color:#000,fill:#fff,stroke:#000,stroke-width:5px
%% Apply classes
class A level2
class B level4
class C level4
class D level4
class E level4
class F level4
class G level4
class H level4
class I level4
class J level4
class K level4
class L level6
class M level6
class B highlight
%% class A level1
%% class B,C level2
%% class D,E,F,G,H,I level2
%% class J,K,L,M,N,O,P level3
%% class B highlight